| Book Review | The Journal of American History, 94.4

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| Book Review | The Journal of American History, 94.4 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Critical Americans: Victorian Intellectuals and Transatlantic Liberal Reform. By Leslie Butler. (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2007. xviii, 381 pp. Cloth, $65.00, ISBN 978-0-8078-3084-0. Paper, $24.95, ISBN 978-0-8078-5792-2.)

Leslie Butler's Critical Americans is a fine, well-researched, and provocative work. It reflects and analyzes the various mutations of American liberal reform from the 1860s through the early years of the twentieth century. It focuses in particular on the literary and political writings, as well as a vast exchange of informal personal correspondence, of a circle of friends that included James Russell Lowell, Charles Eliot Norton, Thomas Wentworth Higginson, and George William Curtis. It also concentrates on transatlantic liberal dialogues and exchange of views with such notable Britons as Leslie Stephen, Goldwin Stephen, James Bryce, A. V. Dicey, Frederic Harrison, John Morley, among others. As Butler emphasizes, these "transatlantic liberals used writing— journalism and scholarship—in an attempt to reform, educate, and elevate their nations" (p. 5).

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