| Book Review | The Journal of American History, 94.1

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| Book Review | The Journal of American History, 94.1 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Civil-Military Relations on the Frontier and Beyond, 1865–1917. By Charles A. Byler. (Westport: Praeger, 2006. xxiv, 192 pp. $49.95, ISBN 0-275-98537-7.)

The years from 1865 to 1917 marked a critical era in American civil-military relations. The United States rapidly disbanded the substantial military machine it had built during the Civil War. The small army that remained carried out the unpleasant duties of enforcing Reconstruction and policing the frontier, while the dilapidated, obsolete ships of the navy showed the flag in foreign ports and occasionally protected American citizens and property overseas. During the next fifty years, however, the size, responsibilities, and professionalism of the U.S. military expanded dramatically. On the eve of American entry into World War I, the army had increased sevenfold in size and had demonstrated its ability to operate in places as distant as China and the Philippines, while the navy was the second largest in the world. In this useful broad overview of the major developments in civil-military relations during the period, Charles A. Byler outlines the concerns of civilians, soldiers, sailors, and politicians that accompanied this transformation, recounts the major debates in which those concerns manifested, and describes the compromises made and reforms adopted that preserved civilian control of a larger and more professional U.S. military.

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