| Book Review | The Journal of American History, 92.3

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| Book Review | The Journal of American History, 92.3 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Rich Man's War, Poor Man's Fight: Race, Class, and Power in the Rural South during the First World War. By Jeanette Keith. (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2004. x, 260 pp. Cloth, $59.95, ISBN 0-8078-2897-1. Paper, $22.50, ISBN 0-8078-5562-6.)
Americans today tend to see the South as a bastion of conservatism that embraces a strong military and is supportive of a bellicose foreign policy. After reading Rich Man's War, Poor Man's Fight, I have a better understanding of why my southern congressman was one of only a handful of Republicans to vote against the war in Iraq. Examining the implementation of federal conscription in the rural South during World War I, Jeanette Keith uses that topic to investigate the strong antiwar sentiment that existed in the region in the early 1900s.	1
Many white southerners, especially those from the urban middle class, supported President Woodrow Wilson's call to arms. But in the countryside the story remained more complicated. A generation of agrarian radicalism led many white southerners publicly to protest conscription as unconstitutional and the war as unjust. Other rural southerners refused to fight as a result of religious principles nurtured in holiness churches. For others, especially African Americans, resistance took the form of draft evasion, which often stemmed from a need to stay home to support their families.	. . .

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