| Book Review | The Journal of American History, 92.2

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| Book Review | The Journal of American History, 92.2 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Legislating Racism: The Billion Dollar Congress and the Birth of Jim Crow. By Thomas Adams Upchurch. (Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2004. xiv, 302 pp. $40.00, ISBN 0-8131-2311-9.)

Scholars have long attempted to construct a convincing explanation for how and why the promises of freedom and equality for African Americans implicit in the three Reconstruction amendments were so tragically broken. In recent years the recounting of the rise of Jim Crow segregation and of the disfranchisement of black voters has tended to focus on the courts and southern state governments. Professor Thomas Adams Upchurch shifts that focus by reexamining a hitherto noted, but not intensively examined, episode in that story, the Fifty-first Congress (1889–1891) and the Federal Elections Bill.

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