| Book Review | The Journal of American History, 91.4

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| Book Review | The Journal of American History, 91.4 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Big Sky Rivers: The Yellowstone & Upper Missouri. By Robert Kelley Schneiders. (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2003. xviii, 374 pp. $35.00,ISBN 0-7006-1264-5.)
Big Sky Riversis a comprehensive bioregional history of the watersheds of the upper Missouri and Yellowstone rivers since approximately 1800. Robert Kelley Schneiders's rivers come alive as the heart and circulatory system of a biotic community that includes bison and Homo sapiens. Ecological balance existed prior to the early nineteenth-century Euro-American invasion. Bison migrated in predictable patterns in accordance with seasonal changes, fluctuating river levels, and food supplies. American Indians understood and patterned their lifeways in accordance with the ebb and flow of the rivers.	1
However, whites viewed the wild Missouri River as a threat to their civilized culture. Euro-Americans used the rivers as "paths to empire" (p. 76). Some American Indians were drawn into the market economy through the bison trade. Others chose war with white America over submission and dependency. Even the ferocious Teton Sioux were defeated by the United States, and the "bison world" (p. 224) of the upper Missouri had passed out of existence by 1886.	. . .

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