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December, 2003
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The Journal of American History

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Articles

The Rise and Fall of Plains Indian Horse Cultures
Pekka Hämäläinen 833
From Municipal Socialism to Public Authorities: Institutional Factors in the Shaping of American Public Enterprise
Gail Radford 863
Reading Race into the Scopes Trial: African American Elites, Science, and Fundamentalism
Jeffrey P. Moran 891
Carey McWilliams and Antifascism, 1934–1943
Daniel Geary 912
Building a Straight State: Sexuality and Social Citizenship under the 1944 G.I. Bill
Margot Canaday 935


Exhibition Reviews

"Middle Passage Exhibit,"
by Elizabeth S. Overman 958

"Eye of the Storm: Civil War Drawings by Robert K. Sneden,"
by Lance J. Herdegen 961

"Call to Duty: Outagamie County in World War II,"
by Stephen E. Kercher 963

"A Portion of the People: Three Hundred Years of Southern Jewish Life,"
by Leonard Rogoff 965

"Japanese American Experience in Merced County,"
by Nancy J. Taniguchi 970

"Entertaining America: Jews, Movies, and Broadcasting,"
by Stephen J. Whitfield 972

"Do It Yourself: Home Improvement in 20th-Century America,"
by Catherine Dean 976


Book Reviews

Pease and Wiegman, eds., The Futures of American Studies, by Ann Fabian 981

Block, A Nation of Agents: The American Path to a Modern Self and Society, by Michael Zuckerman 983

Banner, The Death Penalty: An American History, by Stephen Hartnett 983

Illick, American Childhoods, by Ruth Wallis Herndon 984

Dolan, In Search of an American Catholicism: A History of Religion and Culture in Tension, by Patrick Allitt 985

Winterer, The Culture of Classicism: Ancient Greece and Rome in American Intellectual Life, 1780–1910, by Thomas L. Pangle 986

Weisberger, McLeod, and Morris, eds., Freemasonry on Both Sides of the Atlantic: Essays Concerning the Craft in the British Isles, Europe, the United States, and Mexico, by Jeanne Halgren Kilde 987

Lindenauer, Piety and Power: Gender and Religious Culture in the American Colonies, 1630–1700, by Gerald F. Moran 988

Dale, Debating—and Creating—Authority: The Failure of a Constitutional Ideal in Massachusetts Bay, 1629–1649, by Darren Staloff 989

Isenberg and Burstein, eds., Mortal Remains: Death in Early America, by Erik R. Seeman 990

Crane, Killed Strangely: The Death of Rebecca Cornell, by Terri L. Snyder 991

Hoermann, Cadwallader Colden: A Figure of the American Enlightenment, by James Delbourgo 992

Ekberg, François Vallé and His World: Upper Louisiana before Lewis and Clark, by Patricia Cleary 993

Brown, Jonathan Edwards and the Bible, by William Breitenbach 993

Dowd, War under Heaven: Pontiac, the Indian Nations, & the British Empire, by Jon Parmenter 994

Anzilotti, In the Affairs of the World: Women, Patriarchy, and Power in Colonial South Carolina, by Linda Sturtz 995

Morgan, Benjamin Franklin, by Owen S. Ireland 996

Morley, Irish Opinion and the American Revolution, 1760–1783, by Colin Bonwick 997

Van Buskirk, Generous Enemies: Patriots and Loyalists in Revolutionary New York, by Wayne Bodle 998

Ward, Between the Lines: Banditti of the American Revolution, by Wayne E. Lee 999

Bailyn, To Begin the World Anew: The Genius and Ambiguities of the American Founders, by Michael A. McDonnell 999

Purcell, Sealed with Blood: War, Sacrifice, and Memory in Revolutionary America, by Sarah Knott 1000

Mires, Independence Hall in American Memory, by Robert E. Cray Jr. 1001

Siemers, Ratifying the Republic: Antifederalists and Federalists in Constitutional Time, by Andrew Shankman 1002

Dreisbach, Thomas Jefferson and the Wall of Separation between Church and State, by Richard W. Pointer 1003

Jaher, The Jews and the Nation: Revolution, Emancipation, State Formation, and the Liberal Paradigm in America and France, by Robert Rockaway 1004

Winch, A Gentleman of Color: The Life of James Forten, by Elizabeth Rauh Bethel 1005

De Wolfe, Shaking the Faith: Women, Family, and Mary Marshall Dyer's Anti-Shaker Campaign, 1815–1867, by Carolyn J. Lawes 1006

Morrow, Persons of Color and Religious at the Same Time: The Oblate Sisters of Providence, 1828–1860, by Albert J. Raboteau 1006

Longenecker, Shenandoah Religion: Outsiders and the Mainstream, 1716–1865, by Daniel B. Thorp 1007

Nolt, Foreigners in Their Own Land: Pennsylvania Germans in the Early Republic, by Liam Riordan 1008

Walbert, Garden Spot: Lancaster County, the Old Order Amish, and the Selling of Rural America, by John A. Jakle 1009

Gruenwald, River of Enterprise: The Commercial Origins of Regional Identity in the Ohio Valley, 1790–1850, by Patrick Griffin 1010

Perdue, "Mixed Blood" Indians: Racial Construction in the Early South, by Jane T. Merritt 1011

O'Brien, Choctaws in a Revolutionary Age, 1750–1830, by Arthur H. DeRosier Jr. 1012

Hauptman and McLester, Chief Daniel Bread and the Oneida Nation of Indians of Wisconsin, by David R. M. Beck 1013

Remini, Andrew Jackson & His Indian Wars, by Ronald N. Satz 1013

Davis, Land!: Irish Pioneers in Mexican and Revolutionary Texas, by Dennis C. Rousey 1014

Hyslop, Bound for Santa Fe: The Road to New Mexico and the American Conquest, 1806–1848, by Charles R. Cutter 1015

Palmer, Children's Voices from the Trail: Narratives of the Platte River Road, by Ruth B. Moynihan 1016

Buckley, The Great Catastrophe of My Life: Divorce in the Old Dominion, by Richard H. Chused 1017

Delfino and Gillespie, eds., Neither Lady nor Slave: Working Women of the Old South, by Christie Ann Farnham 1018

Lemire, "Miscegenation": Making Race in America, by Joanne Pope Melish 1019

Daly, When Slavery Was Called Freedom: Evangelicalism, Proslavery, and the Causes of the Civil War; and Haynes, Noah's Curse: The Biblical Justification of American Slavery, by Randy J. Sparks 1019

Vlach, The Planter's Prospect: Privilege and Slavery in Plantation Paintings, by John Davis 1021

May, Manifest Destiny's Underworld: Filibustering in Antebellum America, by Robert L. Paquette 1022

Boylan, The Origins of Women's Activism: New York and Boston, 1797–1840, by Mary Kelley 1023

Dorsey, Reforming Men and Women: Gender in the Antebellum City, by Ronald G. Walters 1024

Sernett, North Star Country: Upstate New York and the Crusade for African American Freedom, by Thomas J. Davis 1024

Mullin, The Puritan as Yankee: A Life of Horace Bushnell, by Howard A. Barnes 1025

Taylor, Young Charles Sumner and the Legacy of the American Enlightenment, 1811–1851, by Peter S. Field 1026

Engs and Miller, eds., The Birth of the Grand Old Party: The Republicans' First Generation, by William C. Harris 1027

Bagley, Blood of the Prophets: Brigham Young and the Massacre at Mountain Meadows; and Bergera, Conflict in the Quorum: Orson Pratt, Brigham Young, Joseph Smith, by Lawrence G. Coates 1028

Cashin, ed., The War Was You and Me: Civilians in the American Civil War, by Paul A. Cimbala 1030

Bonner, Colors and Blood: Flag Passions of the Confederate South, by George C. Rable 1030

McPherson, Crossroads of Freedom: Antietam, by Edward G. Longacre 1031

Grimsley, And Keep Moving On: The Virginia Campaign, May–June 1864; and Rhea, Cold Harbor: Grant and Lee, May 26–June 3, 1864, by Michael B. Ballard 1032

Coffey, Soldier Princess: The Life & Legend of Agnes Salm-Salm in North America, 1861–1867, by Elizabeth D. Leonard 1033

Regosin, Freedom's Promise: Ex-Slave Families and Citizenship in the Age of Emancipation, by Cheryll Ann Cody 1034

O'Toole, Passing for White: Race, Religion, and the Healy Family, 1820–1920, by Gerald Horne 1035

Dal Lago and Halpern, eds., The American South and the Italian Mezzogiorno: Essays in Comparative History, by Don H. Doyle 1036

Kilde, When Church Became Theatre: The Transformation of Evangelical Architecture and Worship in Nineteenth-Century America, by Paul Eli Ivey 1037

Kirchner, Der Central Park in New York und der Einfluß der deutschen Gartentheorie und-praxis auf seine Gestaltung (Central Park in New York and the influence of German garden theory and practice on its creation), by Dorothee Schneider 1038

Gordon, Mill Girls and Strangers: Single Women's Independent Migration in England, Scotland, and the United States, 1850–1881, by Mary H. Blewett 1038

Downey, Telegraph Messenger Boys: Labor, Technology, and Geography, 1850–1950, by William S. Pretzer 1039

Brown, Beyond the Lines: Pictorial Reporting, Everyday Life, and the Crisis of Gilded Age America, by John B. Jentz 1040

Horowitz, Rereading Sex: Battles over Sexual Knowledge and Suppression in Nineteenth-Century America, by Steven Mintz 1041

Dodge, "Whores and Thieves of the Worst Kind": A Study of Women, Crime, and Prisons, 1835–2000, by Mary Welek Atwell 1042

McKanna, Race and Homicide in Nineteenth-Century California, by Harold Brackman 1043

Smith, Henry M. Teller: Colorado's Grand Old Man, by John D. W. Guice 1044

Brosnan, Uniting Mountain & Plain: Cities, Law, and Environmental Change along the Front Range, by Mark S. Foster 1045

Wrobel, Promised Lands: Promotion, Memory, and the Creation of the American West, by Glen Gendzel 1046

Iverson, Diné: A History of the Navajos, by Richard O. Clemmer 1046

Davis, The Circus Age: Culture & Society under the American Big Top, by Don B. Wilmeth 1047

Hanson, Animal Attractions: Nature on Display in American Zoos, by Brett Mizelle 1048

Dennis, Red, White, and Blue Letter Days: An American Calendar, by April Schultz 1049

Zimmermann, First Great Triumph: How Five Americans Made Their Country a World Power, by Frank Ninkovich 1050

Shaw and Francia, eds., Vestiges of War: The Philippine-American War and the Aftermath of an Imperial Dream, 1899–1999, by Nick Cullather 1051

Veeser, A World Safe for Capitalism: Dollar Diplomacy and America's Rise to Global Power, by Luis Martínez-Fernández 1052

Moore, Acts of Faith: The Catholic Church in Texas, 1900–1950, by John W. Storey 1053

Ponce de Leon, Self-Exposure: Human-Interest Journalism and the Emergence of Celebrity in America, 1890–1940, by John Nerone 1054

Schultz, The Romance of Small-Town Chautauquas, by Russell L. Johnson 1054

Bonner, Iconoclast: Abraham Flexner and a Life in Learning, by John S. Haller Jr. 1055

Butters, Black Manhood on the Silent Screen, by Daniel Bernardi 1056

Kornweibel, "Investigate Everything": Federal Efforts to Compel Black Loyalty during World War I, by Mark Robert Schneider 1057

Brown, Rosie's Mom: Forgotten Women Workers of the First World War, by Maurine Weiner Greenwald 1058

Cooper, Breaking the Heart of the World: Woodrow Wilson and the Fight for the League of Nations, by David Steigerwald 1058

Davis and Trani, The First Cold War: The Legacy of Woodrow Wilson in U.S.-Soviet Relations, by David W. McFadden 1059

Collins, Otto Kahn: Art, Money, & Modern Time, by William B. Scott 1060

Mattingly, Suburban Landscapes: Culture and Politics in a New York Metropolitan Community, by James Borchert 1061

Thompson, The Soundscape of Modernity: Architectural Acoustics and the Culture of Listening in America, 1900–1933, by David Morton 1062

Hindman, Child Labor: An American History, by Bonnie Stepenoff 1063

Salmond, The General Textile Strike of 1934: From Maine to Alabama, by Clifford M. Kuhn 1064

Jones, Mama Learned Us to Work: Farm Women in the New South, by Valerie Grim and Claudia Drieling 1064

Taylor, The Veiled Garvey: The Life & Times of Amy Jacques Garvey, by Emory Joel Tolbert 1065

Ferguson, Black Politics in New Deal Atlanta, by Stephen Tuck 1066

Wolcott, Remaking Respectability: African American Women in Interwar Detroit, by Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham 1067

Hietala, The Fight of the Century: Jack Johnson, Joe Louis, and the Struggle for Racial Equality, by Lauren Rebecca Sklaroff 1068

Delton, Making Minnesota Liberal: Civil Rights and the Transformation of the Democratic Party, by Peter Rachleff 1069

McBride, Missions for Science: U.S. Technology and Medicine in America's African World, by Margaret Humphreys 1070

Tucker, The Funding of Scientific Racism: Wickliffe Draper and the Pioneer Fund, by Daniel J. Kevles 1071

Reiß, "Die Schwarzen waren unsere Freunde": Deutsche Kriegsgefangene in der amerikanischen Gesellschaft, 1942–1946 ("The blacks were our friends": German prisoners of war in American society, 1942–1946), by Dennis E. Showalter 1072

Schrijvers, The GI War against Japan: American Soldiers in Asia and the Pacific during World War II; and Kindsvatter, American Soldiers: Ground Combat in the World Wars, Korea, and Vietnam, by Edward J. Drea 1072

Evans, The Hidden Campaign: FDR's Health and the 1944 Election, by Howard W. Allen 1074

Maga, America Attacks Japan: The Invasion That Never Was, by Grant K. Goodman 1075

Paton-Walsh, Our War Too: American Women against the Axis, by Judy Barrett Litoff 1076

Stueck, Rethinking the Korean War: A New Diplomatic and Strategic History, by Burton I. Kaufman 1076

Yuh, Beyond the Shadow of Camptown: Korean Military Brides in America, by Mary Anne Schofield 1077

Zhang, America Perceived: The Making of Chinese Images of the United States, 1945–1953, by Warren I. Cohen 1078

Olmsted, Red Spy Queen: A Biography of Elizabeth Bentley, by Rhodri Jeffreys-Jones 1079

Kelly, James Burnham and the Struggle for the World: A Life; and Smant, Principles and Heresies: Frank S. Meyer and the Shaping of the American Conservative Movement, by John Ehrman 1080

Rudolph, Scientists in the Classroom: The Cold War Reconstruction of American Science Education, by Ronald Lora 1081

Amundson, Yellowcake Towns: Uranium Mining Communities in the American West, by Ralph Mann 1082

Moss, When All Else Fails: Government as the Ultimate Risk Manager, by Warren J. Samuels 1083

Doig, Empire on the Hudson: Entrepreneurial Vision and Political Power at the Port of New York Authority, by Barbara Blumberg 1084

Rotskoff, Love on the Rocks: Men, Women, and Alcohol in Post–World War II America, by Beth Bailey 1085

Marra and Schanke, eds., Staging Desire: Queer Readings of American Theater History, by David Van Leer 1086

Mann, Behind the Screen: How Gays and Lesbians Shaped Hollywood, 1910–1969, by Marguerite J. Moritz 1087

Knight, Disintegrating the Musical: Black Performance and American Musical Film, by William J. Mahar 1087

Zhang, The Origins of the African American Civil Rights Movement, 1865–1956, by Karen Ferguson 1088

Ownby, ed., The Role of Ideas in the Civil Rights South, by Paul V. Murphy 1089

Harvey, A Question of Justice: New South Governors and Education, 1968–1976, by Clarence L. Mohr 1090

Fairclough, Better Day Coming: Blacks and Equality, 1890–2000, by Robert Cook 1091

Kelley, Freedom Dreams: The Black Radical Imagination, by Dean E. Robinson 1092

Moore, Carl B. Stokes and the Rise of Black Political Power, by Ben Keppel 1093

Chávez, "¡Mi Raza Primero!" (My People First!): Nationalism, Identity, and Insurgency in the Chicano Movement in Los Angeles, 1966–1978, by Douglas Monroy 1093

Polletta, Freedom Is an Endless Meeting: Democracy in American Social Movements, by Stewart Burns 1094

Rorabaugh, Kennedy and the Promise of the Sixties, by Alexander Bloom 1095

Monhollon, "This is America?": The Sixties in Lawrence, Kansas, by Edward P. Morgan 1096

Lowitt, Fred Harris: His Journey from Liberalism to Populism, by Patrick L. Cox 1097

Gilbert, ed., Why the North Won the Vietnam War, by Dale Andradé 1098

Morgan, Nixon, by John Robert Greene 1099

Cooper, By Order of the President: The Use and Abuse of Executive Direct Action, by Robert M. Goldman 1100

Brady and McCubbins, eds., Party, Process, and Political Change in Congress: New Perspectives on the History of Congress, by Julian Zelizer 1101

Solinger, Beggars and Choosers: How the Politics of Choice Shapes Adoption, Abortion, and Welfare in the United States, by Janet Farrell Brodie 1102

Olson, Bathsheba's Breast: Women, Cancer, & History, by Barbara Clow 1102

Pellow, Garbage Wars: The Struggle for Environmental Justice in Chicago, by Perry R. Duis 1103

Merrill, Public Lands and Political Meaning: Ranchers, the Government, and the Property between Them, by R. McGreggor Cawley 1104

Sayre, Ranching, Endangered Species, and Urbanization in the Southwest: Species of Capital, by Adam M. Sowards 1105

McCool, Native Waters: Contemporary Indian Water Settlements and the Second Treaty Era, by Donald J. Pisani 1106

Metcalf, Termination's Legacy: The Discarded Indians of Utah, by David Rich Lewis 1107

Fine-Dare, Grave Injustice: The American Indian Repatriation Movement and NAGPRA, by Jonathan Elmer 1107

Nevins, Operation Gatekeeper: The Rise of the "Illegal Alien" and the Making of the U.S.-Mexico Boundary, by Neil Foley 1108

Alanis Enciso, ed., La emigración de San Luis Potosí a Estados Unidos: Pasado y presente (Immigration from San Luis Potosí to the United States: Past and present), by Gilberto M. Hinojosa 1109

Rubenstein, Making and Selling Cars: Innovation and Change in the U.S. Automotive Industry, by David Gartman 1110

Taylor, Strange Sounds: Music, Technology, & Culture, by David Sanjek 1111

Toplin, Reel History: In Defense of Hollywood, by John E. O'Connor 1112

Zimmerman, Whose America?: Culture Wars in the Public Schools, by Herbert M. Kliebard 1113

Shackel, ed., Myth, Memory, and the Making of the American Landscape, by Kym S. Rice 1113

Korr, The End of Baseball as We Knew It: The Players Union, 1960–81, by Warren Goldstein 1114

Rotella, Good with Their Hands: Boxers, Bluesmen, and Other Characters from the Rust Belt, by John J. Bukowczyk 1115

Zunz, Schoppa, and Hiwatari, eds., Social Contracts under Stress: The Middle Classes of America, Europe, and Japan at the Turn of the Century, by Sven Beckert 1116

Hershberg and Moore, eds., Critical Views of September 11: Analyses from around the World; and Calhoun, Price, and Timmer, eds., Understanding September 11, by Emily S. Rosenberg 1117


Movie Reviews

Slave Ship, by Daniel C. Littlefield 1120

Benedict Arnold: A Question of Honor, by James Kirby Martin 1121

Gods and Generals, by Steven E. Woodworth 1123

Gangs of New York, by J. Matthew Gallman 1124

Transcontinental Railroad, by Herbert Hovenkamp 1126

Frontier House, by Carroll Van West 1127

Open Range, by Stanley Corkin 1128

Chicago: City of the Century, by Virginia R. Stewart 1130

Monkey Trial, by Shawn Francis Peters 1131

Oh Freedom after While, by Andrew E. Kersten 1131

Brother Outsider: The Life of Bayard Rustin, by Jo Ann O. Robinson 1132

Ralph Ellison: An American Journey, by Keith E. Byerman 1133

The Rise and Fall of Jim Crow, by Charles H. Martin 1134

The Perilous Fight: America's World War II in Color, by Blaine T. Browne 1136

The Murder of Emmett Till, by James R. Ralph Jr. 1137

Selma: The City and the Symbol, by Robyn Ceanne Spencer 1138

A Home on the Range: The Jewish Chicken Farmers of Petaluma, by Victoria Saker Woeste 1139

The Pill, by Carla Bittel 1139

Jimmy Carter, by Robert A. Strong 1140

Struggling Unions, by Dorothy Sue Cobble 1142

The Clinton Years, by Gil Troy 1143

Bowling for Columbine, by Ron Briley 1144

Let's Get Married, by Ellen Herman 1146


Web Site Reviews

Bethlehem Digital History Project, by Timothy D. Hall 1148

Ohio Memory: An Online Scrapbook of Ohio History, by Susan E. Gray 1149

Mission to Arizona, 1916–1940: Father Augustine Schwarz, O.F.M., by Kevin Mulroy 1150

The National Security Archive; andDigital National Security Archive, by Chester Pach 1151

NativeWeb, by Roger L. Nichols 1152

Letters to the Editor 1154
Announcements 1159
Recent Scholarship 1161
  African Americans
  Agricultural and Rural History
  Archives and Bibliography
  Business and Economics
  Civil War and Reconstruction
  Colonial and Revolutionary Period
  Demography
  Early National Period
  Education
  Environment
  Family
  Film
  Gay and Lesbian History
  Gender and Sexuality
  Immigration, Ethnicity, and Internal Migration
  Indians
  Intellectual History
  International Relations
  Labor and Working-Class History
  Legal and Constitutional History
  Mass Communications
  Material Culture and Architecture
  Men and Masculinity
  Military History
  Music
  Politics
  Public History and Memory
  Race
  Religion
  Science and Medicine
  Social and Cultural History
  Social Welfare and Public Health
  Sports and Recreation
  Teaching, Surveys, and Textbooks
  Technology, Industry, and Transportation
  Theory and Methodology
  Urban and Suburban History
  Visual and Performing Arts
  Women and Femininity
  East
  Midwest
  South
  West

    On the cover: A Brulé Lakota camp near Wounded Knee (now in South Dakota) photographed in 1891. The Lakotas' dramatic expansion in the early nineteenth century and their prolonged resistance to the United States late in the century stemmed largely from their exceptionally successful equestrian adaptation to the abundant yet fragile riverine environments of the Plains. Courtesy Denver Public Library, Western History Collection, Call number NS-289. See Pekka Hämäläinen, "The Rise and Fall of Plains Indian Horse Cultures," p. 833.


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