| Book Review | The Journal of American History, 89.4

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| Book Review | The Journal of American History, 89.4 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Reform and Resistance: Gender, Delinquency, and America's First Juvenile Court. By Anne Meis Knupfer. (New York: Routledge, 2001. x, 290 pp. Cloth, $85.00, ISBN 0-415-92597-5. Paper, $21.95, ISBN 0-415-92598-3.)

The literature on U.S. juvenile justice in its formative eraannouncements.htmlfrom the founding of the world's first juvenile court in Cook County (Chicago) in 1899 until the Great Depression--has grown in size and sophistication in recent years. No longer content to praise the juvenile court as a laboratory of social justice or condemn it as a mechanism of class control, scholars are recovering the complex origins, conflicting purposes, and paradoxical consequences of this distinctively American contribution to modern criminal justice. Some historians have dissected the motives of the white middle-class women who were instrumental in creating the first juvenile courts. Others have traced the influence of new social science disciplines on how court personnel interpreted and treated delinquency. A few scholars have tried to read between the lines of official reports and map the interplay of power relations between working-class families and the juvenile court judges and social experts who were determined to document, improve, and police their lives. . . .

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