| Movie Review | The Journal of American History, 88.3

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| Movie Review | The Journal of American History, 88.3 | The History Cooperative

Movie Review

It Took Brave Men: Deputy U.S. Marshals of Fort Smith. Prod. by Michael Paskowsky. National Park Service, 2000. 15 mins. (Fort Smith National Park, P.O. Box 1406, Fort Smith, AR 72902)

When it came to Indian Territory in the 1880s, an old saying summed it up best: "There was no Sunday west of St. Louis, and no God west of Fort Smith." Essentially a clearinghouse for Indians where the government had been sending them since the 1820s, Indian Territory, present-day Oklahoma, was a hodgepodge of Indian lands, reservations, and tribal governments. Not an official United States territory and with no single government over it, Indian Territory after the Civil War became a haven for outlaws. 1

Indian-on-Indian crime was normally handled by the respective tribes, but, when non-Indians became involved as instigators or victims, it fell under the jurisdiction of the United States Federal District Court at Fort Smith, Arkansas. Here presided Judge Isaac Parker, better known as the "hanging judge." Parker utilized a large contingent of deputy U.S. marshals to ride out into the territory, track down and capture wanted outlaws, and haul them back to Fort Smith for trial and often hanging. It was a hard, dangerous job, and this short video depicts its hazards, but it is also a tribute to those deputy marshals killed in the line of duty. . . .

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