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March, 2001
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The Journal of American History

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Presidential Address


Racism, Immigrants, and Political Reform
David Montgomery 1253



Articles


Evolution for John Doe: Pictures, the Public, and the Scopes Trial Debate
Constance Areson Clark 1275

The United States and "Psychological Warfare" in Italy, 1948–1955
Mario Del Pero 1304



Federal Power and Southern Resistance during World War I A Round Table


The Politics of Southern Draft Resistance, 1917–1918: Class, Race, and Conscription in the Rural South
Jeanette Keith 1335

War, Region, and Social Welfare: Federal Aid to Servicemen's Dependents in the South, 1917–1921
K. Walter Hickel 1362

Federal Power, Southern Power: A Long View, 1860–1940
Jacqueline Jones 1392



Review Essay


The Liberal Tradition in America: A German View
Klaus J. Hansen 1397



Textbooks and Teaching


Teaching the American History Survey at the Opening of the Twenty-First Century: A Round Table Discussion
Gary Kornblith and Carol Lasser 1409



Book Reviews


Taves, Fits, Trances, & Visions, by Catherine L. Albanese 1442

Fox, Trials of Intimacy, by Ward M. McAfee 1443

Hale, Making Whiteness, by James Grossman 1445

Pérez Jr., On Becoming Cuban, by Juan M. del Aguila 1447

Kammen, American Culture, American Tastes, by Casey N. Blake 1449

Nugent, Into the West, by Richard White 1451

Nugent and Ridge, eds., The American West, by John M. Findlay 1452

White and Findlay, eds., Power and Place in the North American West, by Robert R. Dykstra 1453

Portelli, The Battle of Valle Giulia, by Linda Shopes 1454

Allaire, Pelleteries, manchons, et chapeaux de castor (Pelts, muffs, and beaver hats), by Philip Benedict 1455

Games, Migration and the Origins of the English Atlantic World, by Ida Altman 1456

Jaffee, People of the Wachusett, by Carla Gardina Pestana 1457

Scanlan, Colonial Writing and the New World, 1583–1671, by Irmina Wawrzyczek 1457

Round, By Nature and by Custom Cursed, by Darren M. Staloff 1458

Mackenthun, Metaphors of Dispossession, by William O'Reilly 1459

St. George, Conversing by Signs, by Marla Miller 1460

Abrams, The Pilgrims and Pocahontas, by Wayne Bodle 1461

Sioui, trans. by Brierley, Huron-Wendat, by Christopher Vecsey 1462

Drake, King Philip's War, by Patricia E. Rubertone 1463

Kupperman, Indians and English, by James D. Drake 1464

Merwick, Death of a Notary, by Peter Charles Hoffer 1465

Hemphill, Bowing to Necessities, by Stuart M. Blumin 1466

Judd, The Hatch and Brood of Time, by Charles Monaghan 1466

Shannon, Indians and Colonists at the Crossroads of Empire, by Francis Jennings 1467

Anderson, Crucible of War, by Richard Middleton 1468

Mintz, Seeds of Empire; and Hauptman, Conspiracy of Interests, by Nancy Shoemaker 1469

Saunt, A New Order of Things, by Kathryn Holland Braund 1470

Sommer, Serving Two Masters, by Steven M. Nolt 1471

Andrews, The Methodists and Revolutionary America, 1760–1800, by Susan Juster 1471

Hodges, Root & Branch, by Julie Winch 1472

Gould, The Persistence of Empire, by Colin Kidd 1473

Dunn, Sister Revolutions, by C. Bradley Thompson 1474

Din, Spaniards, Planters, and Slaves, by Edward F. Haas 1475

Lewis and Onuf, eds., Sally Hemings & Thomas Jefferson, by Sharon Block 1476

Billings and Blee, The Road to Poverty, by Richard B. Drake 1477

Bagwell, Rice Gold, by Shearer Davis Bowman 1477

Crocker, The Magic of the Many, by Harlow Sheidley 1478

Banner, Legal Systems in Conflict, by Gregory S. Alexander 1479

Scalia, America's Jeffersonian Experiment, by John Dinan 1480

Mahoney, Provincial Lives, by Tamara G. Miller 1480

Smith, The Dominion of Voice, by Ron Formisano 1481

Etges, Wirtschaftsnationalismus (Economic nationalism), by Gerald D. Nash 1482

Bodenhorn, A History of Banking in Antebellum America, by John Majewski 1483

Bronstein, Land Reform and the Working-Class Experience in Britain and the United States, 1800–1862, by Bruce Laurie 1484

Snow, A Child of Toil, by Gerald W. McFarland 1485

Gillespie, Free Labor in an Unfree World, by Mark M. Smith 1486

Hine and McLeod, eds., Crossing Boundaries, by Bridget Brereton 1486

Frey and Wood, eds., From Slavery to Emancipation in the Atlantic World, by Michael Mullin 1487

Rice and Crawford, eds., Liberating Sojourn, by David W. Blight 1488

Robertson, Parker Pillsbury, by Tilden G. Edelstein 1489

Anderson, Joyous Greetings, by Sylvia D. Hoffert 1490

Fabian, The Unvarnished Truth, by Alan Taylor 1491

Bank, Theatre Culture in America, 1825–1860, by Faye Dudden 1492

Tchen, New York before Chinatown, by William Wei 1493

Fraser, Between Church and State, by R. Laurence Moore 1494

Harris, Nothing but Christ, by Amanda Porterfield 1494

Hazen, The Village Enlightenment in America, by Paul Jerome Croce 1495

Smith, Borderlander, by Roger L. Nichols 1496

Tate, The Frontier Army in the Settlement of the West, by Garna L. Christian 1497

Smith, The U.S. Army and the Texas Frontier Economy, 1845–1900, by Archie P. McDonald 1498

Harrison, Lincoln of Kentucky, by Stephen Aron 1498

Jones, Abraham Lincoln and a New Birth of Freedom, by Matthew Pinsker 1499

Neely Jr., Southern Rights, by David J. Bodenhamer 1500

Pickering and Falls, Brush Men and Vigilantes, by Samuel C. Hyde Jr. 1501

Engle, Don Carlos Buell, by James G. Hollandsworth Jr. 1502

Woodworth, No Band of Brothers; and Harsh, Taken at the Flood, by Lawrence Lee Hewitt 1502

Katz, From Appomattox to Montmartre, by Heather Cox Richardson 1504

Kenner, Buffalo Soldiers and Officers of the Ninth Cavalry, 1867–1898, by Marvin Fletcher 1505

Frankel, Freedom's Women, by Marli F. Weiner 1505

Aiken, The Cotton Plantation South since the Civil War, by Jack Temple Kirby 1506

Moore, Leading the Race, by Karen Ferguson 1507

Lorini, Rituals of Race, by Matthew Frye Jacobson 1508

Summers, Rum, Romanism, & Rebellion, by Rebecca Edwards 1509

Bolin, Bossism and Reform in a Southern City, by Roger Biles 1510

Kantrowitz, Ben Tillman & the Reconstruction of White Supremacy, by William J. Cooper Jr. 1510

Van Allen, James Whitcomb Riley, by Ronald Weber 1511

Turner, The Liberal Education of Charles Eliot Norton, by Anne C. Rose 1512

Hunt, Governing Morals, by David J. Pivar 1513

Spence, For Wood River or Bust, by Thomas J. Noel 1514

Arceneaux, No Spark of Malice, by Carl A. Brasseaux 1515

Eggert, Making Iron on the Bald Eagle, by Paul H. Tedesco 1515

Young, Tracks to the Sea, by William R. Childs 1516

Thomas, Lawyering for the Railroad, by Tony A. Freyer 1517

Stradling, Smokestacks and Progressives, by Martin V. Melosi 1518

Hosmer, American Indians in the Marketplace, by Rebecca Kugel 1519

Riney, The Rapid City Indian School, 1898–1933, by Bruce A. Rubenstein 1519

Ferrer, Insurgent Cuba, by Jules R. Benjamin 1520

Boyle, Foundations of World Order, by Frederick S. Calhoun 1521

Elizalde, ed., Las relaciones internacionales en el Pacífico (Siglos XVIII–XX) (International relations in the Pacific, eighteenth through twentieth centuries), by Edward Rice-Maximin 1522

Milkis and Mileur, eds., Progressivism and the New Democracy, by John D. Buenker 1523

Shepard, Deemed Unsuitable, by Ronald G. Coleman 1524

Gullett, Becoming Citizens, by Maureen A. Flanagan 1525

Margulies, Reconciliation and Revival, by Abraham Holtzman 1526

Enstad, Ladies of Labor, Girls of Adventure, by Colette A. Hyman 1526

Chateauvert, Marching Together, by Michelle Brattain 1527

Andrews, Insane Sisters, by Vivien Miller 1528

Smith, The Gender of History, by Anne Firor Scott 1529

Zenderland, Measuring Minds, by Patrick J. Ryan 1530

Tomes, The Gospel of Germs, by Jacalyn Duffin 1531

Goodwin, The Pure Food, Drink, and Drug Crusaders, 1879–1914; and Coppin and High, The Politics of Purity, by Amy Bentley 1532

Spillane, Cocaine; and Paul Gootenberg, ed., Cocaine, by Philip Jenkins 1533

Sewell, Medicine in Maryland, by Gerald N. Grob 1535

Hammonds, Childhood's Deadly Scourge, by Georgina Feldberg 1535

Wells, Facing the "King of Terrors," by James J. Farrell 1536

Monti, The American City, by John C. Schneider 1537

Melosi, The Sanitary City, by Greg Hise 1538

Page, The Creative Destruction of Manhattan, 1900–1940, by Joel Schwartz 1539

Spinney, City of Big Shoulders, by Gerald A. Danzer 1539

McClung, Landscapes of Desire, by Richard Longstreth 1540

Hoopes, Community Denied, by Jonathan M. Hansen 1541

Gary, The Nervous Liberals, by Jon Wiener 1542

Crunden, Body & Soul, by Chip Rhodes 1543

Benton, Beauty and the Book, by Tamara Plakins Thornton 1543

Bold, The WPA Guides, by James R. Shortridge 1544

Kenney, Recorded Music in American Life, by Jean Folkerts 1545

Bezner, Photography and Politics in America, by F. Jack Hurley 1546

McEuen, Seeing America, by Elspeth Brown 1547

Corn, The Great American Thing, by Donna M. Cassidy 1548

Munby, Public Enemies, Public Heroes, by Catherine Nickerson 1548

Schaefer, "Bold! Daring! Shocking! True!" A History of Exploitation Films, 1919–1959, by Regina Kunzel 1549

Watkins, The Hungry Years, by Jean Heffer 1550

Godfried, WCFL, by Barbara Dianne Savage 1551

Irons, Testing the New Deal, by Robert Justin Goldstein 1552

Bussel, From Harvard to the Ranks of Labor, by Francis Shor 1553

Buchanan, Illusions of Equality, by Paul K. Longmore 1554

Milkis, Political Parties and Constitutional Government, by Howard L. Reiter 1554

Landy and Milkis, Presidential Greatness; and DeConde, Presidential Machismo, by Melvin Small 1555

Nelson, King Cotton's Advocate, by Paul E. Mertz 1557

Costa, The Evolution of Retirement, by Daniel Scott Smith 1557

Robinson, The Measure of Democracy, by Susan Herbst 1558

Hartmann, ed. by Ferrell, The Kansas City Investigation; and Ferrell, Truman and Pendergast, by Lyle W. Dorsett 1559

Moser, Twisting the Lion's Tail, by Gregory Kennedy 1560

Howes and Herzenberg, Their Day in the Sun, by Margaret Rossiter 1561

Cogan, Captured, by Hal M. Friedman 1562

Buckley, Air Power in the Age of Total War, by Dominick A. Pisano 1563

Werrell, Blankets of Fire, by Thomas A. Julian 1564

Crane, American Airpower Strategy in Korea, 1950–1953, by Wayne Thompson 1565

Rystad, Dream and Reality, by Peter L. Hahn 1565

Stefanidis, Isle of Discord, by Bruce Kuniholm 1566

Powe Jr., The Warren Court and American Politics, by Philippa Strum 1567

Sasson and Williams, eds., Between Friends, by Theodore Rosenof 1568

Herman, Joseph McCarthy, by M. J. Heale 1569

Murphy, Congressional Theatre, by Stephen J. Whitfield 1570

Jenkins, The South in Black and White, by Fred Hobson 1570

Pitre, In Struggle against Jim Crow, by Steven A. Reich 1571

Robbins, The Dismissal of Miss Ruth Brown, by Merline Pitre 1572

Cowger, The National Congress of American Indians, by David E. Wilkins 1573

Scherer, Imperfect Victories, by John Rockwell Snowden 1573

Schultz, The Seminole Baptist Churches of Oklahoma, by Michael Welsh 1574

Ulrich, Empty Nets, by Michael J. Chiarappa 1575

Jakle and Sculle, Fast Food, by Andrew Hurley 1576

Baxandall and Ewen, Picture Windows, by Sylvie Murray 1577

Lock, Blutopia, by Eric Porter 1578

Waksman, Instruments of Desire, by David Sanjek 1578

Wiener, Gimme Some Truth, by Kenneth O'Reilly 1579

Miller, The 60s Communes, by Dominick Cavallo 1580

Billingsley, Communists on Campus, by Gregg L. Michel 1581

Jeffreys-Jones, Peace Now! American Society and the Ending of the Vietnam War, by Jill K. Gill 1582

Shipler, A Country of Strangers; and Thernstrom and Thernstrom, America in Black and White, by Clarence E. Walker 1582

Stephens, On Racial Frontiers, by Jared Gardner 1584

Patterson, The Ordeal of Integration, by Grace Hale 1585

Regalado, Viva Baseball! Latin Major Leaguers and Their Special Hunger, by Gregory S. Rodríguez 1586

Stricklin, A Genealogy of Dissent, by Paul Harvey 1587

Zöller, trans. by Rendall and Wimmer, Washington and Rome, by Jay P. Dolan 1587

Hart, The University Gets Religion, by Kathy J. Pulley 1588

Capshew, Psychologists on the March, by Theodore M. Brown 1589

Archibald, A Place to Remember, by David Thelen 1590

Resnik, Blood Saga, by Susan E. Lederer 1591

Gerstell, American Shad in the Susquehanna River Basin, by W. Barksdale Maynard 1592

Taylor III, Making Salmon, by Dianne Newell 1592

Wirth, Smelter Smoke in North America, by Christine Meisner Rosen 1593

Strong, Working in the World, by Annick Cizel 1594

Greene, The Presidency of George Bush, by Glen Jeansonne 1595

Marvin and Ingle, Blood Sacrifice and the Nation, by Karal Ann Marling 1596

Baer, Reinventing Democrats, by Alonzo L. Hamby 1596


Letters to the Editor 1598

Announcements 1602

Recent Scholarship 1603
  African Americans
  Agricultural and Rural History
  Archives and Bibliography
  Business and Economics
  Civil War and Reconstruction
  Colonial and Revolutionary Period
  Demography
  Early National Period
  Education
  Environment
  Family
  Film
  Gay and Lesbian History
  Gender and Sexuality
  Immigration, Ethnicity, and Internal Migration
  Indians
  Intellectual History
  International Relations
  Labor and Working-Class History
  Legal and Constitutional History
  Mass Communications
  Material Culture and Architecture
  Men and Masculinity
  Military History
  Music
  Politics
  Public History and Memory
  Race
  Religion
  Science and Medicine
  Social and Cultural History
  Social Welfare and Public Health
  Sports and Recreation
  Teaching, Surveys, and Textbooks
  Technology, Industry, and Transportation
  Theory and Methodology
  Urban and Suburban History
  Visual and Performing Arts
  Women and Femininity
  East
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  West





On the cover:William Jennings Bryan was among the most frequent subjects of 1920s editorial cartoons, often appearing alongside "cave men" and Neanderthals. The familiar sequence here lends itself to an implied pun on the idea of the "descent" of humans. When this cartoon originally appeared in 1925, the four frames were in a line, left to right. Reprinted with permission from the New Yorker, June 6, 1925. © The New Yorker Collection 1925 Rea Irvin from cartoonbank.com. All Rights Reserved. See Constance Areson Clark, "Evolution for John Doe: Pictures, the Public, and the Scopes Trial Debate," p. 1275.


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