| Biblioscope: An Archival Guide and Bibliography | Environmental History, 9.2

Biblioscope

An Archival Guide & Bibliography

Articles

Andersen, Phyllis. "The Arnold Arboretum and the Early Years of Landscape Design Education in America." Arnoldia 62 (No. 3, 2003): 2–10. Examines the influence of this Massachusetts arboretum on the transformation of the practice of landscape gardening into the profession of landscape architecture under the leadership of arboretum director Charles Sprague Sargent (1841–1927) from the 1870s to the 1920s. Discusses Sargent's founding of the horticultural journal Garden and Forest and the arboretum's cooperative work with landscape design schools at Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Argow, Keith. "NWOA Celebrates 20 Years of Service." National Woodlands 26 (October 2003): 10–11. Historical timeline listing major events in the evolution of the National Woodland Owners Association (NWOA) since its founding in 1983. The NWOA's membership is comprised of non-industrial private woodland owners from across the United States and Canada.

Armitage, Kevin C. "Commercial Indians: Authenticity, Nature, and Industrial Capitalism in Advertising at the Turn of the Twentieth Century." Michigan Historical Review 29 (Fall 2003): 70–95. On the association of Native Americans with the virtues of "nature" and the use of images of the traditional American Indian to sell modern commodities in Michigan in the late nineteenth century.

Armus, Diego. "Disease in the Historiography of Modern Latin America." In Disease in the History of Modern Latin America: From Malaria to AIDS, edited by Diego Armus. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2003. 1–24 pp. Introductory chapter describing the essays contained in this book as works of history focusing on the cultural, political, social aspects of public health and disease in Latin America from the late nineteenth century through the late twentieth century.

Armus, Diego. "Tango, Gender, and Tuberculosis in Buenos Aires, 1900–1940." In Disease in the History of Modern Latin America: From Malaria to AIDS, edited by Diego Armus. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2003. 101–129 pp. Studies attitudes toward tuberculosis in Argentine society, as represented in literary works, mass circulation media sources, medical and health publications, tango lyrics, movies, and poetry during the early twentieth century.

Arnoldia. "Landscape Architect/Landscape Architecture: A Short History of the Terms." Arnoldia 62 (No. 3, 2003): 10–11. Brief etymology of these terms from their first use in the 1820s through the 1910s. Includes a 2003 definition provided by the American Society of Landscape Architects.

Baldwin, Richard F. "Breaking New Ground: The Forest Industry Quest for Public Acceptance." Forest Products Journal 54 (January 2004): 8–14. Examines perceptions of the forest products industry held by Americans since the mid-twentieth century and describes efforts of the industry and of the Forest Products Research Society since its founding in 1947 to address negative public perceptions and environmental concerns through public relations campaigns and other measures.

Bennett, Judith A. "Local Resource Use in the Pacific War with Japan: Logging in Western Melanesia." War & Society 21 (May 2003): 83–118. Timber harvesting on the island of New Guinea and in the Solomon Islands by Japan, the United States, Australia, and New Zealand for the purpose of supporting military forces fighting in the Pacific Theatre during World War II.

Birn, Anne-Emanuelle. "Revolution, the Scatological Way: The Rockefeller Foundation's Hookworm Campaign in 1920s Mexico." In Disease in the History of Modern Latin America: From Malaria to AIDS, edited by Diego Armus. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2003. 158–182 pp. Describes a 1920s project of the Rockefeller Foundation, an American charitable organization, to eradicate hookworm disease and improve public health in Mexico.

Bliss, Katherine Elaine. "Between Risk and Confession: State and Popular Perspectives of Syphilis Infection in Revolutionary Mexico." In Disease in the History of Modern Latin America: From Malaria to AIDS, edited by Diego Armus. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2003. 183–208 pp. Examines changes in attitudes toward syphilis and other sexually transmitted diseases in Mexican society from the 1860s to the 1940s. Asserts that stricter public health policies and the increasing availability of health information and education programs encouraged people in Mexico to pay closer attention to health and hygiene.

Blum, Ann S. "Dying of Sadness: Hospitalism and Child Welfare in Mexico City, 1920–1940." In Disease in the History of Modern Latin America: From Malaria to AIDS, edited by Diego Armus. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2003. 209–236 pp. On efforts to eradicate conditions that produced hospitalism—a potentially fatal developmental syndrome that commonly afflicted infants in long-term hospital care—in Mexico City during the early twentieth century. Focuses on hospitalism at the Mexican state foundling home, Casa de Cuna, and discusses the politicization of public health and welfare programs aimed at combating hospitalism.

Boag, Peter. "Thinking Like Mount Rushmore: Sexuality and Gender in the Republican Landscape." In Seeing Nature Through Gender, edited by Virginia J. Scharff. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2003. 40–59 pp. Examines the socio-political ideology traditionally associated with Mount Rushmore in South Dakota—ideology that reinforces the notion of a heterosexual gender system as "normal," promotes a patriarchal philosophy of nature that sanctions human dominance over nature, and emphasizes republican notions of patriotism—and suggests alternative hidden, non-gendered symbolic meanings.

Boyd, William, and Scott Prudham. "Manufacturing Green Gold: Industrial Tree Improvement and the Power of Heredity in the Postwar United States." In Industrializing Organisms: Introducing Evolutionary History, edited by Susan R. Schrepfer and Philip Scranton. Hagley Perspectives on Business and Culture, Volume 5. New York: Routledge, 2004. 107–139 pp. On the development of industrial tree breeding in the United States since the early twentieth century, focusing especially on tree improvement efforts in the South and the Pacific Northwest after 1950.

Brasseaux, Carl A., H. Dickson Hoese, and Thomas C. Michot. "Pioneer Amateur Naturalist Louis Judice: Observations on the Fauna, Flora, Geography, and Agriculture of the Bayou Lafourche Region, Louisiana, 1772–1786." Louisiana History 45 (Winter 2004): 71–103. Biographical sketch of Louis Jacques Judice, a Spanish colonial administrator and amateur naturalist who wrote a comprehensive French-language report dated 1 January 1786 describing the natural history of the Bayou Lafourche area in the northern Gulf of Mexico coastal region of Louisiana. Includes an English-language transcript of Judice's 1786 report on the exploratory expedition he took in 1772.

Buckley, Jay H. "Rocky Mountain Entrepreneur: Robert Campbell As a Fur Trade Capitalist." Annals of Wyoming: The Wyoming History Journal 75 (Summer 2003): 8–23. Biographical account of Irish-born Missouri financier and fur trader Robert Campbell (b. 1804). Discusses the development of his fur trading ventures in the Rocky Mountains region of the United States in the 1820s and 1830s, focusing especially on his business interactions with other fur traders and fur trading companies.

Burkle, L., and H. D. Grissino-Mayer. "Stradivari, Violins, Tree Rings, and the Maunder Minimum: A Hypothesis." Dendrochronologia 21 (July 1, 2003): 41–45. Asserts that the superior musical tone attributed to violins produced by Antonio Stradivari (1644?–1737?) and his colleagues in seventeenth-century Italy is due to the Alpine spruce wood used in their manufacture. According to the authors, particular climatic and environmental conditions in the Italian Alps during the period from 1645 to 1715 known as the Maunder Minimum produced slow, even growth in tree rings and unique wood properties that resulted in the pure musical sounds common to Stradivari instruments.

Casner, Nicholas. "Acid Mine Drainage and Pittsburgh's Water Quality." In Devastation and Renewal: An Environmental History of Pittsburgh and Its Region, edited by Joel A. Tarr. Pittsburgh, Pa.: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2003. 89–109 pp. Examines changing attitudes toward water pollution caused by acid, a coal mining by-product, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, since the nineteenth century. Asserts that acid mine drainage was a major cause of the environmental degradation of the city and that the issue significantly influenced the development of water pollution control policy in the region.

Coleman, Annie Gilbert. "From Snow Bunnies to Shred Betties: Gender, Consumption, and the Skiing Landscape." In Seeing Nature Through Gender, edited by Virginia J. Scharff. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2003. 194–217 pp. On changing conceptions of women as consumers of and participators in the American snow skiing and snow boarding industries since the 1930s. Argues that the ski industry that defined and marketed women skiers as "Snow Bunnies" throughout much of the century in order to attract males to ski slopes responded to changes in American culture later in the century by promoting the gendered image of the athletic "Shred Betty.".

Coulombe, Mary J. "Exercising the Right to Object: A Brief History of the Forest Service Appeals Process." Journal of Forestry 102 (March 2004): 10–13. On the right of the public to appeal national forest management decisions made by local United States Forest Service officials in the United States since the early twentieth century. Focuses especially on the impact of late-twentieth-century legislation on the appeals process.

Coutinho, Marilia. "Tropical Medicine in Brazil: The Case of Chagas' Disease." In Disease in the History of Modern Latin America: From Malaria to AIDS, edited by Diego Armus. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2003. 76–100 pp. On the discovery of Chagas' disease in 1909 by Brazilian physician Carlos Chagas (1879–1934). Discusses the impact of the discovery on his career, on the study of tropical medicine in Latin America, and on public health throughout the twentieth century. Chagas discovered that the disease named for him was transmitted by parasite to people living in poverty conditions in endemic areas.

Cueto, Marcos. "Stigma and Blame during an Epidemic: Cholera in Peru, 1991." In Disease in the History of Modern Latin America: From Malaria to AIDS, edited by Diego Armus. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2003. 268–289 pp. Examines the poor hygiene conditions and quality of water and sewerage that contributed to the outbreak of cholera in Peru during the early 1990s. Includes discussion of attitudes toward the disease held by health care officials, policy makers, and the general public. Asserts that the epidemic resulted in a stigma being associated with the supposedly unhealthy lifestyles of the urban poor and led to a restriction of public health care services provided by the state.

Curtis, Robert O., and David D. Marshall. "Douglas-Fir Growth and Yield: Research 1909–1960." Western Journal of Applied Forestry 19 (January 2004): 66–68. Reviews research on Douglas-fir forests in the United States Pacific Northwest during the early twentieth century.

Di Chiro, Giovanna. "Steps to an Ecology of Justice: Women's Environmental Networks across the Santa Cruz River Watershed." In Seeing Nature Through Gender, edited by Virginia J. Scharff. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2003. 282–319 pp. On the work of women environmental activists to conserve water, control water pollution, and promote environmental justice and environmental regulation in the Santa Cruz River watershed near Tucson, Arizona; 1980s and 1990s.

Ferne, Mina. "Garlic & Onion in Classic Jewish Literature." HerbalGram No. 61 (2004): 44–47, 53. Descriptions of uses of garlic and onions as foods and as medicinal plants in Jewish literary sources throughout history. Focuses especially on ancient times.

Finlay, Mark R. "Hogs, Antibiotics, and the Industrial Environments of Postwar Agriculture." In Industrializing Organisms: Introducing Evolutionary History, edited by Susan R. Schrepfer and Philip Scranton. Hagley Perspectives on Business and Culture, Volume 5. New York: Routledge, 2004. 237–260 pp. On the rise of industrialized hog production and factory farming in the United States in the post-World War II era. Discusses the introduction of antibiotic feeding, the confinement of hogs in indoor enclosures, and other aspects of industrialized hog farming.

Gomez-Novy, Juan, and Stefanos Polyzoides. "A Tale of Two Cities: The Failed Urban Renewal of Downtown Tucson in the Twentieth Century." Journal of the Southwest 45 (Spring/Summer 2003): 87–119. Photo essay examining the impact of urban redevelopment of the downtown area of Tucson, Arizona, during the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s. Includes photographs depicting the city's infrastructure from earlier in the century and images of downtown Tucson in 2003. Argues that plans for urban renewal failed to revitalize the city while succeeding in destroying parts of the city's cultural heritage.

Green, Amy. "'She Touched Fifty Million Lives': Gene Stratton-Porter and Nature Conservation." In Seeing Nature Through Gender, edited by Virginia J. Scharff. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2003. 221–241 pp. Biographical sketch of American nature writer Geneva Stratton-Porter (1863–1924), a woman who fought against gender inequalities and staunchly promoted nature conservation.

Greene, Ann N. "War Horses: Equine Technology in the American Civil War." In Industrializing Organisms: Introducing Evolutionary History, edited by Susan R. Schrepfer and Philip Scranton. Hagley Perspectives on Business and Culture, Volume 5. New York: Routledge, 2004. 143–165 pp. Discusses the heavy reliance of military forces on horses during the American Civil Car, arguing that due to the superior management of Union Quartermaster General Montgomery Cunningham Meigs (1816–1892), the northern forces were better and more quickly supplied with war horses than were Confederate troops.

Gugliotta, Angela. "How, When, and for Whom Was Smoke a Problem in Pittsburgh?" In Devastation and Renewal: An Environmental History of Pittsburgh and Its Region, edited by Joel A. Tarr. Pittsburgh, Pa.: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2003. 110–125 pp. Discusses changing attitudes about the economic costs and health hazards of smoke pollution in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

Haber, Stephen, Noel Maurer, and Armando Razo. "When the Law Does Not Matter: The Rise and Decline of the Mexican Oil Industry." Journal of Economic History 63 (March 2003): 1–32. Argues that Mexican economic and property rights regulations had no impact on the oil extraction activities of American-owned petroleum companies operating in Mexico during the 1910s and 1920s because Mexican governments during this time were weak, unstable, and unable to fight the threat of American military intervention.

Haes, Brenda L. "Devils Tower, Wyoming: An Examination of a Clash in Cultures." Annals of Wyoming: The Wyoming History Journal 75 (Summer 2003): 2–7. Provides a history of rock climbing at Devils Tower National Monument in Wyoming since the 1890s and discusses the development of land use conflict in the 1990s between mountain climbers, who sought to pursue their outdoor recreational goals, and Native Americans, who viewed the monolith as sacred.

Hays, Samuel P. "Beyond Celebration: Pittsburgh and Its Region in the Environmental Era—Notes by a Participant Observer." In Devastation and Renewal: An Environmental History of Pittsburgh and Its Region, edited by Joel A. Tarr. Pittsburgh, Pa.: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2003. 193–215 pp. Asserts that there has been little improvement to the environmental conditions of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, in recent decades, and argues that civic leaders have not done enough to achieve the significant environmental reform needed to counteract centuries of industrial pollution in the region.

Hazlett, Maril. "Voices from the Spring:Silent Spring and the Ecological Turn in American Health." In Seeing Nature Through Gender, edited by Virginia J. Scharff. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2003. 103–128 pp. Asserts that the controversy surrounding American biologist Rachel Carson's (1907–1964) 1962 book Silent Spring, which outlined links between pesticides and human health, fostered a new environmental ethic that heightened public perception of the dangers of chemicals in the United States. Focuses especially on criticism leveled at Carson by politicians, pesticide manufacturers, business leaders, and the media that justified human domination of nature through a masculine-defined scientific expertise that rejected historically feminine concerns about public health.

Hendershot, Robert M. "The Legacy of an Ojibwe 'Lumber Chief': David Shoppenagon." Michigan Historical Review 29 (Fall 2003): 40–68. Biographical essay on David Shoppenagon (ca. 1809–1911), a well-known Ojibwe Indian who made his living as a hunter and trapper and as a guide for white hunters, fishermen, and tourists in Saginaw County, Michigan, and in Grayling, Michigan. Shoppenagon gained local fame by allowing his name and Native American image to be used in the promotion of Salling, Hanson & Co. products.

Horowitz, Roger. "Making the Chicken of Tomorrow: Reworking Poultry as Commodities and as Creatures, 1945–1990." In Industrializing Organisms: Introducing Evolutionary History, edited by Susan R. Schrepfer and Philip Scranton. Hagley Perspectives on Business and Culture, Volume 5. New York: Routledge, 2004. 215–235 pp. On the expansion of the market for chicken in the American diet due to the industrialization and commercialization of the poultry industry in the United States in the mid- to late-twentieth century.

Hribal, Jason. "'Animals Are Part of the Working Class': A Challenge to Labor History." Labor History 44 (November 2003): 435–453. On the human use of animals to assist with industrial development during the seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth centuries. Discusses the fate of animals working in the livestock, mining, lumber, and dairy industries, and examines the rise of the animal rights movement at the end of the nineteenth century. The author draws parallels between animals and the working class, asserting that both were exploited by industry.

Jacob, Walter. "The Early Development of Stanley Zig-Zag Rules, Part 4." Chronicle of the Early American Industries Association 56 (December 2003): 160–167. Continuation of articles published by same author in other 2003 issues of this journal. Discusses the design and manufacture of wooden and enamel Zig-Zag folding rules in measurements other than the English inch (metric, Burgos, Cyrillic, etc.) by A. Stanley and Company in the United States in the early twentieth century. Includes photos and sketches of the early measuring instruments.

Jacobson, Michael, and Marc E. McDill. "A Historical Review of Forest Property Taxes in Pennsylvania: Implications for Special Forestland Tax Programs." Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 29 (June 2003): 53–60. Successes and failures of forest tax programs in Pennsylvania since 1887, including the Clean and Green program instituted in 1974.

Jensen, Katherine. "Saving Centennial Valley: Land, Gender, and Community in the Northern Black Hills." In Seeing Nature Through Gender, edited by Virginia J. Scharff. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2003. 263–281 pp. Community activism in response to an absentee owner's plans to develop the historic Frawley Ranch in the northern Black Hills of South Dakota in the 1990s. Discusses the concerns of residents in rural Lawrence County, South Dakota, about water utilization, waste disposal, and land uses associated with development plans aimed at building a golf course, a residential community, and a business complex on the ranch.

Kehoe, Terence, and Charles Jacobson. "Environmental Decision Making and DDT Production at Montrose Chemical Corporation of California." Enterprise & Society: The International Journal of Business History 4 (December 2003): 640–675. Examines the company's production of the insecticide dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) beginning in the 1940s and studies the environmental impacts of the company's practice of dumping DDT waste into the Los Angeles County sewer system. The authors describe how environmental concerns about the company's pollution of the city's water supply and of the Pacific Ocean eventually forced Montrose to pay for the costs of cleanup years after the closing of the Los Angeles DDT manufacturing plant in 1983.

Kleiner, Catherine. "Nature's Lovers: The Erotics of Lesbian Land Communities in Oregon, 1974–1984." In Seeing Nature Through Gender, edited by Virginia J. Scharff. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2003. 242–262 pp. On the development of a new kind of feminism linked with environmental politics that promoted the establishment of separatist lesbian communities devoid of modern conveniences that celebrated women's affinity for "mother earth.".

Langston, Nancy. "Gender Transformed: Endocrine Disruptors in the Environment." In Seeing Nature Through Gender, edited by Virginia J. Scharff. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2003. 129–166 pp. Studies the influence of industrial chemicals on human health and biological constructions of gender in the United States since the 1930s, focusing specifically on (1) changes in the levels of natural sex hormones in women's bodies and (2) the influence of industrial pollutants that mimic female sex hormones and disrupt the endocrine systems controlling the biological expression of gender in wildlife and people.

Lanman, Susan Warren. "'For Profit and Pleasure': Peter Henderson and the Commercialization of Horticulture in Nineteenth-Century America." In Industrializing Organisms: Introducing Evolutionary History, edited by Susan R. Schrepfer and Philip Scranton. Hagley Perspectives on Business and Culture, Volume 5. New York: Routledge, 2004. 19–42 pp. Biographical essay on Peter Henderson (1822–1890), a Scottish immigrant to the United States whose work as a gardener, nurseryman, seed dealer, florist, and horticultural author involved the implementation of new technologies that helped promote the globalization and commercialization of horticulture in the United States and around the world.

Larvie, Patrick. "Nation, Science, and Sex: AIDS and the New Brazilian Sexuality." In Disease in the History of Modern Latin America: From Malaria to AIDS, edited by Diego Armus. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2003. 290–313 pp. Discusses social and political reaction to the AIDS epidemic in Brazil during the 1980s and 1990s, focusing specifically on public health measures that modernized ideas about Brazilian sexual culture.

McAvoy, Thom. "Two Heroes of American Forestry." National Woodlands 27 (January 2004): 10–12. Biographical sketches of Aldo Leopold (1886–1948), former forester with the United States Forest Service best known for the land management philosophy he developed while working as a wildlife ecologist after leaving the agency, and Gifford Pinchot (1865–1946), former chief of the United States Forest Service and two-time governor of Pennsylvania.

McElwaine, Andrew S. "Slag in the Park." In Devastation and Renewal: An Environmental History of Pittsburgh and Its Region, edited by Joel A. Tarr. Pittsburgh, Pa.: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2003. 174–192 pp. Chronicles the destruction of the Nine Mile Run watershed outside of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, through its use as a dumping ground for slag produced by area iron and steel manufacturers since the early twentieth century.

Malmsheimer, Robert W., Denise Keele, and Donald W. Floyd. "National Forest Litigation in the US Courts of Appeals." Journal of Forestry 102 (March 2004): 20–25. Studies the impact of the American legal system on the national forest management activities of the United States Forest Service by examining all appeals cases decided by the United States Court of Appeals from 1970 through 2001.

Mershon, Sherie R., and Joel A. Tarr. "Strategies for Clean Air: The Pittsburgh and Allegheny County Smoke Control Movements, 1940–1960." In Devastation and Renewal: An Environmental History of Pittsburgh and Its Region, edited by Joel A. Tarr. Pittsburgh, Pa.: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2003. 145–173 pp. Studies the tremendous improvement in air quality due to the removal of smoke from the air through improved pollution control policies in the city of Pittsburgh and in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, in the mid-twentieth century.

Mitchell, John G. "Our Great Estate." Sierra 89 (March/April 2004): 26–30. Brief history of public domain lands in the United States since colonial times followed by a critical discussion of the land use policies of federal land management agencies during the presidential administration of George Walker Bush (1946- ) in the early twenty-first century.

Muller, Edward K. "River City." In Devastation and Renewal: An Environmental History of Pittsburgh and Its Region, edited by Joel A. Tarr. Pittsburgh, Pa.: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2003. 41–63 pp. On the role of the Ohio, Allegheny, and Monongahela rivers in the development of the economy of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, since the late eighteenth century. Discusses such topics as: use of the rivers for transportation and trade; management of the rivers to prevent flooding and improve navigability; water utilization by the city; degradation of water quality due to industrial discharge; and efforts to incorporate the aesthetic qualities of riverfronts into city planning.

Muller, Edward K., and Joel A. Tarr. "The Interaction of Natural and Built Environments in the Pittsburgh Landscape." In Devastation and Renewal: An Environmental History of Pittsburgh and Its Region, edited by Joel A. Tarr. Pittsburgh, Pa.: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2003. 11–40 pp. Examines changes in the landscape and built environment of the city of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, during industrial and urban development in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Discusses changes wrought by: coal and coke production; the development of a railroad transportation infrastructure; manipulation of the rivers that converge in the city for flood control purposes; the creation of public utilities; road and bridge construction; residential development; urban renewal projects; and city improvement measures.

Nimz, Dale E. "Damming the Kaw: The Kiro Controversy and Flood Control in the Great Depression." Kansas History: A Journal of the Central Plains 26 (Spring 2003): 14–31. Examines water politics associated with the contentious debate over the proposed construction of Kiro Dam in the Blue Valley of Kansas in the 1930s. The dam was to be constructed for the purpose of downstream flood control and regulation of navigation on the Missouri River.

Obregón, Diana. "The State, Physicians, and Leprosy in Modern Colombia." In Disease in the History of Modern Latin America: From Malaria to AIDS, edited by Diego Armus. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2003. 130–157 pp. Discusses changes in public health and sanitation policies aimed at leprosy control that stigmatized the disease and promoted discrimination against its victims in Colombia from the 1900s through the 1920s.

Olmstead, Alan L., and Paul W. Rhode. "Biological Innovation in American Wheat Production: Science, Policy, and Environmental Adaptation." In Industrializing Organisms: Introducing Evolutionary History, edited by Susan R. Schrepfer and Philip Scranton. Hagley Perspectives on Business and Culture, Volume 5. New York: Routledge, 2004. 43–83 pp. On the use of biological technology to produce fast-maturing and hardy wheat varieties resistant to rust, insects, and diseases in the United States during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

Orland, Barbara. "Turbo-Cows: Producing a Competitive Animal in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries." In Industrializing Organisms: Introducing Evolutionary History, edited by Susan R. Schrepfer and Philip Scranton. Hagley Perspectives on Business and Culture, Volume 5. New York: Routledge, 2004. 167–189 pp. On the origins of the use of cattle breeding to increase milk-production levels in dairy farming in Europe.

Pemberton, Stephen. "Canine Technologies, Model Patients: The Historical Production of Hemophiliac Dogs in American Biomedicine." In Industrializing Organisms: Introducing Evolutionary History, edited by Susan R. Schrepfer and Philip Scranton. Hagley Perspectives on Business and Culture, Volume 5. New York: Routledge, 2004. 191–213 pp. Medical experimentation on dogs with inherited bleeding disorders for the purpose of researching blood clotting problems in hemophiliacs; United States, Nineteen-forties. Focuses especially on the biomedical research of Kenneth Merle Brinkhous (1908–2000), chair of pathology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill's medical school.

Pepin, John. "Hitler's Pulpwood Cutters: German Prisoner of War Camps in Michigan's Upper Peninsula." Timber Producer 75 (January 2004): 34–35, 42–43. On the work of German prisoners-of-war cutting pulpwood, fence posts, and railroad ties in five labor camps located in northern Michigan from 1944 to 1946. Discusses such topics as working conditions in the camps, attitudes of local citizens toward the prisoners, and the companies that paid for the services of the prisoners.

Primack, Richard. "The Special Role of Historical Plant Records in Monitoring the Impact of Climate Change." Arnoldia 62 (No. 3, 2003): 12–15. Discusses phenological information on the relationship between climate and plant flowering gathered by the Weather Regional Phenological Network between 1957 and 1994, by American ecologist Aldo Leopold (1886–1948) from 1936 to 1947 and by his daughter Nina Leopold Bradley from 1976 to 1998, and by the Arnold Arboretum in Massachusetts throughout much of the twentieth century.

Raibmon, Paige. "Naturalizing Power: Land and Sexual Violence along William Byrd's Dividing Line." In Seeing Nature Through Gender, edited by Virginia J. Scharff. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2003. 20–39 pp. Asserts that Byrd's (1674–1744) assumptions about class, sex, gender, and the environment expressed in his eighteenth-century writings about the natural history of the southern United States reinforced, facilitated, and justified ideas about power and supremacy held by white, male, colonial elites.

Riley, Brian. "Exotic Pests Plaguing Ohio's Forests." Ohio Woodlands 41 (Fall 2003): 13, 15, 18. Examines common causes of decline in the health of Ohio forests, focusing on non-native insects or fungi introduced to the state beginning in the late nineteenth century. Includes discussion of the gypsy moth, beech bark disease, chestnut blight, European elm bark beetle, white pine blister rust, elm yellows, Dutch elm disease, butternut canker, the pine shoot beetle, and the emerald ash borer.

Russell, Edmund. "Introduction. The Garden in the Machine: Toward an Evolutionary History of Technology." In Industrializing Organisms: Introducing Evolutionary History, edited by Susan R. Schrepfer and Philip Scranton. Hagley Perspectives on Business and Culture, Volume 5. New York: Routledge, 2004. 1–16 pp. Introductory essay discussing interconnections between the history of technology, evolutionary history, and environmental history represented in the essays comprising this volume.

Scharff, Virginia J. "Man and Nature! Sex Secrets of Environmental History." In Seeing Nature Through Gender, edited by Virginia J. Scharff. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2003. 1–19 pp. Urges environmental historians to avoid incorporating a male gender bias in the historical study of human interactions with the non-human world. Discusses the many ways in which science and culture have traditionally emphasized the role of men in human history.

Schrock, Heyward D. "A Room for the Night: Evolution of Roadside Lodging in Wyoming." Annals of Wyoming: The Wyoming History Journal 75 (Autumn 2003): 31–39. On the development of a hotel industry since the early twentieth century to cater to tourists traveling by road to visit sites of interest in Wyoming, especially areas of natural beauty or wonder, such as Devils Tower. Discusses the transformation of hospitality afforded to tourists from the first primitive campsites, to roadside cabins, to motels, to present-day modern hotels.

Sierra. "Land Lingo." Sierra 89 (March/April 2004): 31–33. Brief discussion of the types of public domain land managed by federal land management agencies in the United States. Includes some historical information about the management responsibilities of agencies administering wilderness areas, national parks, national forests, national wildlife refuges, wild and scenic rivers, and other public domain lands. Concludes with a concise critical discussion of the land management policies of the George Walker Bush (1946- ) administration.

Simon, Bryant. "'New Men in Body and Soul': The Civilian Conservation Corps and the Transformation of Male Bodies and the Body Politic." In Seeing Nature Through Gender, edited by Virginia J. Scharff. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2003. 80–102 pp. Asserts that white, middle-class men's anxieties about industrialization and the economic, social, and political welfare of the United States during the Great Depression led to their vigorous support of the U.S. Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) and their symbolic association of virility, manliness, and strength of body and character with the young men who served in the New Deal agency.

Smith, Mark J. "Creating an Industrial Plant: The Biotechnology of Sugar Production in Cuba." In Industrializing Organisms: Introducing Evolutionary History, edited by Susan R. Schrepfer and Philip Scranton. Hagley Perspectives on Business and Culture, Volume 5. New York: Routledge, 2004. 85–106 pp. On the industrialization of Cuba's sugar industry, especially at the state-of-the-art Central Manatí facility built in 1912; late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries.

Snyder, Lynne Page. "Revisiting Donora, Pennsylvania's 1948 Air Pollution Disaster." In Devastation and Renewal: An Environmental History of Pittsburgh and Its Region, edited by Joel A. Tarr. Pittsburgh, Pa.: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2003. 126–144 pp. Asserts that the public health crisis caused by a suffocating layer of smog that blanketed the steel town of Donora, Pennsylvania, for several days in 1948 influenced subsequent discussions about the health hazards of air pollution in Pennsylvania and across the nation.

Stauffer, Don. "Evolution of Pine Chemicals Production in China." Forest Chemicals Review 113 (September/October 2003): 11–13. Review of the status of the naval stores industry in the People's Republic of China since the 1960s.

Stepan, Nancy Leys. "'The Only Serious Terror in These Regions': Malaria Control in the Brazilian Amazon." In Disease in the History of Modern Latin America: From Malaria to AIDS, edited by Diego Armus. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2003. 25–50 pp. Studies malaria in the Amazon River Region of Brazil from 1900 to 1920. Examines the major social, economic, and environmental changes brought about by a rubber boom in the region that contributed to the spread of the disease among a large population of rubber industry workers and led to efforts in Brazilian public health reform.

Sweeney, Kevin Z. "'And The Skies Are Not Cloudy All Day': Drought and the Cherokee Outlet Land Run." Chronicles of Oklahoma 81 (Winter 2003–04): 436–457. Discusses the influence of droughts and other environmental conditions on the settlement of homesteaders on land in the Cherokee Outlet of northwestern Oklahoma during the early 1890s.

Tarr, Joel A. "Introduction: Some Thoughts About the Pittsburgh Environment." In Devastation and Renewal: An Environmental History of Pittsburgh and Its Region, edited by Joel A. Tarr. Pittsburgh, Pa.: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2003. 1–10 pp. Summarizes the essays contributed by authors to this work about the environmental impacts of steel production and industrial development in the city of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

Tarr, Joel A., and Terry F. Yosie. "Critical Decisions in Pittsburgh Water and Wastewater Treatment." In Devastation and Renewal: An Environmental History of Pittsburgh and Its Region, edited by Joel A. Tarr. Pittsburgh, Pa.: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2003. 64–88 pp. Discusses water supply, water pollution, wastewater management and disposal, city sewerage, and the role of water quality in public health, specifically deaths caused by typhoid fever; nineteenth and centuries.

Tebeau, Mark. "Scaling New Heights: Heroic Firemen, Gender, and the Urban Environment, 1875–1900." In Seeing Nature Through Gender, edited by Virginia J. Scharff. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2003. 63–79 pp. Asserts that urban fire fighters in the United States professionalized their work in the late nineteenth century by adapting fire fighting methods to the unique hazards and challenges of cities' built environments and by adopting an ethos that associated strength, virility, and manliness with controlling fires and protecting the public.

Teich, Gretchen M. R., Jacqueline Vaughn, and Hanna J. Cortner. "National Trends in the Use of Forest Service Administrative Appeals." Journal of Forestry 102 (March 2004): 14–19. Examines the number of appeals, types of appeals, most active appellant groups, and decisions made nationwide about United States Forest Service national forest management policies in the United States from 1997 through 2002.

Tolman, Keith. "Tea Kettle on a Raft: A History of Navigation on the Upper Red River." Chronicles of Oklahoma 81 (Winter 2003–04): 388–435. Examines the significant contribution of steamboat transportation to cultural and commercial exchange among different groups of people in the Upper Red River region of Oklahoma throughout the nineteenth century. Includes discussion of the obstacle posed by the Great Raft, a 165-mile-long log jam resulting from a combination of natural causes that hindered transportation along the river.

Walters, Brad B. "People and Mangroves in the Philippines: Fifty Years of Coastal Environmental Change." Environmental Conservation 30 (September 2003): 293–303. Cutting of mangroves for fuelwood, construction, and to make room for fish ponds and housing, has significantly impacted Bais Bay and Banacon Island, Philippines.

Wigderson, Seth. "How the CIO Saved Social Security." Labor History 44 (November 2003): 483–507. On the role of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO), and especially the political and workplace lobbying of steelworkers, autoworkers, and miners, in the 1949–1950 fight to preserve and extend pension and insurance benefits for the elderly guaranteed through Social Security in the United States.

Williams, David R. "The Moon Trees." National Museum of Forest Service History Newsletter 15 (February 2004): 1, 3–4. Describes a tree seed experiment operated jointly by the U.S. Forest Service and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration during the Apollo 14 lunar mission of January 1971.

Astronaut Stuart Roosa (1933–1994), a former U.S. Forest Service smokejumper and U.S. Air Force test pilot, supervised the experiment in space and returned the loblolly pine, sycamore, sweetgum, redwood, and Douglas-fir seeds to the Forest Service upon return to Earth. Most of the seeds germinated into seedlings, and the "moon trees" were planted in areas across the nation. Reprinted from electronic source <http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/ lunar/moon_tree.html>.

Wolensky, Kenneth C. "'He, On the Whole, Stood First': Gifford Pinchot." Pennsylvania Heritage 30 (Winter 2004): 20–27. Biographical sketch of Gifford Pinchot (1865–1946), first chief of the United States Forest Service and two-time governor of Pennsylvania. Focuses especially on his political life, including his friendship with president Theodore Roosevelt (1858–1919).

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