| biblioscope: An Archival Guide & Bibliography | Environmental History, 12.3

biblioscope

AN ARCHIVAL GUIDE & BIBLIOGRAPHY

ARTICLES

Adelson, Glenn, and John Elder. "Robert Frost's Ecosystem of Meanings in 'Spring Pools'." ISLE [Interdisciplinary Studies in Literature and Environment] 13.2 (Summer 2006): 1–17. Ecocritical analysis of Robert Frost's 1928 poem "Spring Pools." Discusses the poem first as it relates to Frost's other work, and then offers an ecological understanding of the poem, positing the work as a combination of poetry and scientific insight.

Agnoletti, M., V. Marinai, and S. Paoletti. "The Project for the Rural Landscape Park in Moscheta (Tuscany, Italy)." In The Conservation of Cultural Landscapes, edited by Mauro Agnoletti. Oxford: CAB International, 2006. 73–93 pp. Addresses problems involved in the preservation of cultural landscapes and the development of marginal areas through a study of Moscheta in Italy's Tuscan Apennines. Examines changes in the area's landscape and land cover from 1832 to 2000.

Agnoletti, Mauro. "The Development of a Historical and Cultural Evaluation Approach in Landscape Assessment: the Dynamic of Tuscan Landscape between 1832 and 2004." In The Conservation of Cultural Landscapes, edited by Mauro Agnoletti. Oxford: CAB International, 2006. 3–29 pp. Uses changes in Italy's Tuscan landscape, nineteenth through early twenty-first centuries, as a case study for proposing an evaluation approach that assumes culture and history as central in understanding landscape change over time.

Agnoletti, Mauro. "Traditional Knowledge and the European Common Agricultural Policy (PAC): The Case of the Italian National Rural Development Plan 2007–2013." In Cultural Heritage and Sustainable Forest Management: The Role of Traditional Knowledge: Proceedings of the IUFRO Task Force on Traditional Forest Knowledge/Research Group on "Forest and Woodland History" Conference, Florence, Italy, 8–11 June 2006, Volume I, edited by John Parrotta, Mauro Agnoletti, and Elisabeth Johann. Warsaw, Poland: Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe (MCPFE), 2006. 17–25 pp. Reports on the efforts of the working group on landscape, Italian Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, National Strategic Plan for Rural Development 2007–2013, providing background history regarding human influence on the European landscape and the development of industrial forestry. Available online at http://www.iufro.org/science/task-forces/traditional-forest-knowledge/publications/.

Aiello, Thomas. "The Ouachita River Flood in Monroe, Louisiana, 1932." Louisiana History 48 (Winter 2007): 25–54. History of flooding on Louisiana's Ouachita River, late nineteenth-mid twentieth centuries, focusing on the effects of and response to the devastating 1932 flood.

Alves, Abel. "Mead: A Study in Human Culture's Interaction with the Natural Environment and Other Animals." ISLE [Interdisciplinary Studies in Literature and Environment] 13 (Summer 2006): 151–166. Discusses the history and production of mead from prehistoric times to the eighteenth century. Argues that because humans rely on bees to make honey, the production of mead represents a dependence of humans on the natural world. Traces the history of portrayals of mead in the literature, art, and mythology of various cultures around the world, beginning with a rock painting in Spain created between 10,000 and 6.000 B.C.

Anderson, Steven. "Land-use and Landscape Histories: The Role of History in Current Environmental Decisions." In The Conservation of Cultural Landscapes, edited by Mauro Agnoletti. Oxford: CAB International, 2006. 174–182 pp. Asserts the value of landscape history and land-use histories for informing modern resource management decisions. Focuses on three forest certification protocols—the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC), Sustainable Forestry Initiative (SFI), and Pan European Forest Certification (PEFC)—arguing that none place sufficient emphasis on land-use and landscape.

Bakken, Gordon Morris. "Montana, Anaconda, and the Price of Pollution." The Historian 69 (Spring 2007): 36–49. History of the Anaconda Copper Mining Company in Montana and environmentalist responses to pollution caused by mining, 1880–2004.

Barbera, G., et al. "Recovery and Valorization of a Historical Fruit Orchard: the Kolymbetra in the Temple Valley, Sicily." In The Conservation of Cultural Landscapes, ed. Mauro Agnoletti. Oxford: CAB International, 2006. 253–261 pp. Case study of a citrus orchard set in an area of archaeological significance, the likely site of the Greek Kolymbetra in the Temple Valley, Agrigento (Sicily), which as of 2000 is a regional park preserving both the remnants of the Greek civilization and an Italian traditional productive landscape.

Barca, Stefania. "Enclosing the River: Industrialisation and the 'Property Rights' Discourse in the Liri Valley (South of Italy), 1806–1916." Environment and History 13 (February 2007): 3–23. Investigates the environmental and social consequences of water resources privatization in the Liri Valley in southern Italy, 1806–1916. Argues that the "tragedy of the commons" narrative is a theoretical assumption, not supported by the environmental history of the industrial era.

Barlow, Virginia, and Stephen Long. "Rediscovering a Long-Gone Forest: An Interview with Charlie Cogbill." Northern Woodlands 14 (Spring 2007): 46–51. Interview with plant ecologist Charlie Cogbill, who began in the 1970s to study the pre-settlement forest in New England and New York and the impacts of human activity on the forest over time.

Beckerson, John, and John K. Walton. "Selling Air: Marketing the Intangible at British Resorts." In Histories of Tourism: Representation, Identity, and Conflict, edited by John K. Walton. Clevedon, UK: Channel View Publications, 2005. 55–68 pp. Discusses the means by which British resorts touted the health benefits of clean, seaside air to tourists from the late nineteenth century to the mid twentieth century. Addresses concepts of health and clean air as they appeared in mass consciousness, the science and marketing techniques that supported them, and the cultural and socioeconomic factors that contributed to the popularity of British resorts among middle and upper class tourists.

Berglund, Björn E. "Agrarian Landscape Development in Northwestern Europe Since the Neolithic: Cultural and Climatic Factors behind a Regional/Continental Pattern." In The World System and the Earth System: Global Socioenvironmental Change and Sustainability since the Neolithic, edited by Alf Hornborg and Carole Crumley. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press, 2007. 111–120 pp. Examines historical biological data to determine synchronicity in the expansion and regression patterns of agrarian society and the cultural landscape in northwestern Europe, 3900 B.C.E.-1400 C.E. Discusses the interacting environmental causes for agrarian crises, and suggests a step-wise model for the long-term development of the agrarian cultural landscape.

Berglund, Eeva. "Ecopolitics through Ethnography: The Cultures of Finland's Forest-Nature." In Reimagining Political Ecology, edited by Aletta Biersack and James B. Greenberg. Durham: Duke University Press, 2006. 97–120 pp. Drawing on ethnographic research, explores the divide between nature and culture in Finland, particularly as it has been affected by environmental activism. Traces the history of forestry in Finland in the twentieth century, and addresses the ways in which the industry has shaped Finnish national identity and attitudes about nature. Discusses how environmental politics and activism have changed traditional conceptions of humans and the environment.

Blank, G. B. "Working Forest Landscapes: Two Case Studies from North Carolina." In The Conservation of Cultural Landscapes, edited by Mauro Agnoletti. Oxford: CAB International, 2006. 157–162 pp. Examines two "working forests" in North Carolina, the Harris Research Tract and the Dupont State Forest, to illustrate the implications of the working forest concept and to consider how historical context impacts landscape management.

Bonhomme, Brian. "For the 'Preservation of Friends' and the 'Destruction of Enemies': Studying and Protecting Birds in Late Imperial Russia." Environment and History 13 (February 2007): 71–100. Surveys major developments in the history of wild bird protection and ornithology in Imperial Russia during the century leading up to World War I. Argues that by the end of the nineteenth century Russian ornithologists had ceased imitating European and American approaches to wild bird protection.

Bradshaw, R. H. W., and G. E. Hannon. "Long-term Vegetation Dynamics in Southern Scadinavia and Their Use in Managing Landscapes for Biodiversity." In The Conservation of Cultural Landscapes, edited by Mauro Agnoletti. Oxford: CAB International, 2006. 94–107 pp. Reviews the long-term history of Swedish forest meadows and open meadows in order to illustrate the importance of cultural history for biodiversity values and landscape management.

Braun, Sebastian F. "Ecological and Un-Ecological Indians: The (Non)portrayal of Plains Indians in the Buffalo Commons Literature." In Native Americans and the Environment: Perspectives on the Ecological Indian, edited by Michael E. Harkin and David Rich Lewis. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2007. 192–208 pp. Examines the prevalent myths and histories surrounding the relationship between American Indians and buffalo in the Great Plains, and discusses what this relationship reveals about Indians' connection to the environment. Critiques traditional understandings of the role of the buffalo in both Indian and European-American culture. Drawing on fieldwork on the Cheyenne River Sioux Reservation and late twentieth-century literature, revisits the 1987 "buffalo commons" proposal, which argued for returning the plains to an unfenced area for wild buffalo herds.

Brown, Jennifer Corrinne. "'The Gamest Fish That Swims': Management of the Big Hole River Fishery in Montana." Pacific Northwest Quarterly 97 (Fall 2006): 171–178. History of fish management at Montana's Big Hole River Fishery, late nineteenth through early 21st centuries.

Brown, Stanley C. "Crossing the Mighty Mazatzals: From Indian Trade Route to Modern Highway." Journal of Arizona History 47 (Winter 2006): 323–346. Explores methods of traversing Arizona's Mazatzal Range, from mid-nineteenth century trade routes to the impressive engineering of the Beeline Highway in the 2000s.

Burch, Ernest S. Jr. "Rationality and Resource Use among Hunters." In Native Americans and the Environment: Perspectives on the Ecological Indian, edited by Michael E. Harkin and David Rich Lewis. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2007. 123–152 pp. Questions traditionally held assumptions that American Indians have always lived in harmony with the natural environment, and asks whether Indians' relationship to their environment deteriorated after the arrival of European settlers in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Draws upon case studies of two Inuit Eskimo populations, the Inupiat of northern Alaska and the Caribou Inuit of the subarctic region of central Canada.

Burke, William Allen, and Matthew Basso. "Another Look at Burke's Butte: The Great Depression and William Allen Burke's 'Greenhorn Miner.'" Montana the Magazine of Western History 56 (Winter 2006): 19–31. First-hand account of William Allen Burke's experience as a hard-rock miner in Butte, Montana, in the late 1930s. Originally written for the Federal Writers' Project of the Works Progress Administration, but previously unpublished. With an introduction by the scholar who discovered the piece.

Cadoni, Marisa, and Roberto Scotti. "Frammenti di storia forestale da ForEnCarb, progetto pilota della Regione Sardenga per la sostenibilità dello sviluppo e pianificazione forestale." In Cultural Heritage and Sustainable Forest Management: The Role of Traditional Knowledge: Proceedings of the IUFRO Task Force on Traditional Forest Knowledge/Research Group on "Forest and Woodland History" Conference, Florence, Italy, 8–11 June 2006, Volume I, edited by John Parrotta, Mauro Agnoletti, and Elisabeth Johann. Warsaw, Poland: Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe (MCPFE), 2006. 227–236 pp. "Fragments of forest history from ForEnCarb, a pilot project of the Sardegna Region for the development of sustainable forest planning." Reports on efforts to understand twentieth-century land-use history and local wood-related cultural heritage in Seneghe (Sardinia, Italy), with the goal of promoting sustainable development. Text in Italian.

Calvert, Paul. "A Tale of Two Watersheds: Landowners are the Key to Successful Conservation Projects." Missouri Conservationist 68 (March 2007): 23–27. Examines two watershed conservation projects—at Brush Creek and Little Bourbeuse in Missouri—that successfully combine resource concerns with landowner objectives. 1990s-2000s.

Casanova, Paolo, Anna Memoli, and Lorenzo Pini. "I principali sisteni di uccellagione con le reti fisse: storia, tecnica e paesaggio." In Cultural Heritage and Sustainable Forest Management: The Role of Traditional Knowledge: Proceedings of the IUFRO Task Force on Traditional Forest Knowledge/Research Group on "Forest and Woodland History" Conference, Florence, Italy, 8–11 June 2006, Volume I, edited by John Parrotta, Mauro Agnoletti, and Elisabeth Johann. Warsaw, Poland: Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe (MCPFE), 2006. 170–176 pp. "The main bird-catching systems with fixed nets; history, techniques, landscape." Reports on detailed investigation into common practices used to capture birds with nets in Italy, examining how knowledge of these systems has been passed on over many generations and proposing conservation techniques for landscapes related to bird-catching. Text in Italian.

Chase-Dunn, Christopher, Thomas D. Hall, and Peter Turchin. "World-Systems in the Biogeosphere: Urbanization, State Formation and Climate Change Since the Iron Age." In The World System and the Earth System: Global Socioenvironmental Change and Sustainability since the Neolithic, edited by Alf Hornborg and Carole Crumley. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press, 2007. 132–148 pp. Proposes a framework for studying the interactions between human societies and the biogeosphere on a millennial time scale. Examines the cycles of world-systems in Afroeurasia over the past three thousand years, and investigates potential explanations for a synchrony between East Asia and the West Asian/Mediterranean region during the period. Suggests explanations including climate change, epidemic diseases, cycles of trade, and the influences of Central Asian nomads. Tests these hypotheses using data analysis and system modeling.

Chun, Young Woo, and Kwang Il Tak. "The Role of Pine Forests for Shaping Korean Traditional Cultural Landscape." In Cultural Heritage and Sustainable Forest Management: The Role of Traditional Knowledge: Proceedings of the IUFRO Task Force on Traditional Forest Knowledge/Research Group on "Forest and Woodland History" Conference, Florence, Italy, 8–11 June 2006, Volume I, edited by John Parrotta, Mauro Agnoletti, and Elisabeth Johann. Warsaw, Poland: Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe (MCPFE), 2006. 177–182 pp. Examines the significance of pine trees and forests as symbols of cultural identity and essential elements of cultural landscapes in Korea over the past 1,000 years.

Ciancio, Orazio, and Susanna Nocentini. "The Conservation of Cultural Forest Landscapes: The Vallombrosa Silvomuseum." In Cultural Heritage and Sustainable Forest Management: The Role of Traditional Knowledge: Proceedings of the IUFRO Task Force on Traditional Forest Knowledge/Research Group on "Forest and Woodland History" Conference, Florence, Italy, 8–11 June 2006, Volume I, edited by John Parrotta, Mauro Agnoletti, and Elisabeth Johann. Warsaw, Poland: Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe (MCPFE), 2006. 237–242 pp. Forest management history of the Vallombrosa Forest in Florence, Italy from the late nineteenth century through the creation of a "Silvomuseum" to conserve the historic, cultural and landscape values of the region's silver fir stands.

Coppini, Matteo, and Luigi Hermanin. "Restoration of Selected Beech Coppices." In Cultural Heritage and Sustainable Forest Management: The Role of Traditional Knowledge: Proceedings of the IUFRO Task Force on Traditional Forest Knowledge/Research Group on "Forest and Woodland History" Conference, Florence, Italy, 8–11 June 2006, Volume I, edited by John Parrotta, Mauro Agnoletti, and Elisabeth Johann. Warsaw, Poland: Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe (MCPFE), 2006. 183–192 pp. Evaluates the possibility of restoring the beech coppice selection system practiced in the Italian mountains up through the first half of the twentieth century. Focuses on the Apennine between Tuscany and Emilia-Romagna.

Crosby, Alfred W. "Infectious Diseases as Ecological and Historical Phenomena, with Special Reference to the Influenza Pandemic of 1918–1919." In The World System and the Earth System: Global Socioenvironmental Change and Sustainability since the Neolithic, edited by Alf Hornborg and Carole Crumley. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press, 2007. 280–287 pp. Suggests that diseases are closely linked to the cultural and environmental factors of the societies in which they arise. Uses this argument to analyze historical disease epidemics, particularly the influenza pandemic of 1918–1919.

Crumley, Carole L. "Historical Ecology: Integrated Thinking at Multiple Temporal and Spatial Scales." In The World System and the Earth System: Global Socioenvironmental Change and Sustainability since the Neolithic, edited by Alf Hornborg and Carole Crumley. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press, 2007. 15–28 pp. Proposes a historical ecology framework as a way of closing the gap between physical/biological sciences and social sciences/humanities, arguing for the integration of human systems with ecological and geological systems. Adopting such a framework would involve revitalizing multi-scale ecology, adapting systems theory to human societies, and re-envisioning social organization. Asserts that history and politics are inseparable, and that landscape changes reflect political changes.

Czerwick, Hank. "Victory Gardens." Michigan History Magazine (March/April 2007): 18–19. Personal reminiscence about growing a Victory Garden in Dearborn, Michigan, during World War II.

de la Luz Ayala, María. "The Uses of Forests and Woodlands in New Spain from sixteenth to eighteenth Centuries." In Cultural Heritage and Sustainable Forest Management: The Role of Traditional Knowledge: Proceedings of the IUFRO Task Force on Traditional Forest Knowledge/Research Group on "Forest and Woodland History" Conference, Florence, Italy, 8–11 June 2006, Volume I, edited by John Parrotta, Mauro Agnoletti, and Elisabeth Johann. Warsaw, Poland: Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe (MCPFE), 2006. 109–113 pp. Examines the significance of forests for different groups of colonial society in New Spain (Mexico) from the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries by studying conflicts between Indian villages, cities, mining districts and haciendas for the use of and rights to forests.

De Vries, Bert J. M. "In Search of Sustainability: What Can We Learn from the Past?" In The World System and the Earth System: Global Socioenvironmental Change and Sustainability since the Neolithic, edited by Alf Hornborg and Carole Crumley. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press, 2007. 210–228 pp. Analyzes human history in an effort to understand the origins of unsustainable interactions between humans and nature. Draws upon contributions from archaeologists, historians, sociologists, geographers, biologists, engineers, and climatologists to draw conclusions about how socioenvironmental systems have evolved.

Dearing, John A. "Integration of World and Earth Systems: Heritage and Foresight." In The World System and the Earth System: Global Socioenvironmental Change and Sustainability since the Neolithic, edited by Alf Hornborg and Carole Crumley. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press, 2007. 38–55 pp. Proposes a "parallel histories" methodology for anticipating future economic, social, and biophysical changes, discussing how historical interactions between humans and nature can be understood by combining documentary, archaeological, instrumental, and sedimentary archives. Applies this approach to a case study of the last millennium in rural China, and addresses the strengths and weaknesses of the methodology. Concludes that, at a regional level, a shared history exists between world history and Earth systems that can be sufficiently analyzed to provide an understanding of historical socioenvironmental interactions.

Di Martino, P., et al. "The Forest Landscape of Transhumance in Molise, Italy." In Cultural Heritage and Sustainable Forest Management: The Role of Traditional Knowledge: Proceedings of the IUFRO Task Force on Traditional Forest Knowledge/Research Group on "Forest and Woodland History" Conference, Florence, Italy, 8–11 June 2006, Volume I, edited by John Parrotta, Mauro Agnoletti, and Elisabeth Johann. Warsaw, Poland: Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe (MCPFE), 2006. 195–200 pp. Examines land cover change along the ancient tratturo (or roads for livestock transhumance) in Celano-Foggia in Italy's Molise region, 1950s-2000s. Evaluates conservation and management guidelines for transhumance drove roads.

Diamant, R., C. Marts, and N. Mitchell. "Rethinking Traditional Preservation Approaches for Managing a Forested Cultural Landscape: The Case of Marsh-Billings-Rockefeller National Historical Park's Mount Tom Forest." In The Conservation of Cultural Landscapes, edited by Mauro Agnoletti. Oxford: CAB International, 2006. 144–156 pp. Explores theory and practice in cultural landscape conservation through a case study of the historic forest at March-Billings-Rockefeller National Historical Park in Woodstock, Vermont. Examines questions of retaining historic character while preserving ecological integrity, and gives a brief nineteenth-twentieth century history of the Mount Tom forest.

Dodd, Elizabeth. "Green Places: James Wright's Development of a Biocentric Aesthetic." ISLE [Interdisciplinary Studies in Literature and Environment] 13 (Summer 2006): 19–32. Discusses the development of a biocentric perspective as it evolved over the literary career of poet James Wright, who published numerous works in the second half of the twentieth century.

Dölarslan, Emre Sahin, and Kenan Ok. "Conflicts Between Traditional Knowledge and Official Applications on Sustainable Forest Management: A Case Study from Turkey." In Cultural Heritage and Sustainable Forest Management: The Role of Traditional Knowledge: Proceedings of the IUFRO Task Force on Traditional Forest Knowledge/Research Group on "Forest and Woodland History" Conference, Florence, Italy, 8–11 June 2006, Volume I, edited by John Parrotta, Mauro Agnoletti, and Elisabeth Johann. Warsaw, Poland: Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe (MCPFE), 2006. 114–119 pp. Discusses the origins of forest-related conflicts between the people and governmental organizations in Turkey. Examines differences in understandings of forest ownership in Anatolia regarding timber, wildlife, nontimber forest products, and grazing before, during, and after the Ottoman Empire.

Dorst, John. "Watch for Falling Bison: The Buffalo Hunt as Museum Trope and Ecological Allegory." In Native Americans and the Environment: Perspectives on the Ecological Indian, edited by Michael E. Harkin and David Rich Lewis. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2007. 173–191pp. Discusses the perception and symbolism of the bison in American culture, as well as its role as an "ecological allegory." Traces the history of bison imagery and how it has evolved in the national imagination since the late nineteenth century, as the arc of the bison's story has gone from the brink of extinction to modest recovery. Examines the relationship between humans and bison as it has been portrayed in natural history museums, using two particular museums as case studies.

Dove, Michael R. "Equilibrium Theory and Interdisciplinary Borrowing: A Comparison of Old and New Ecological Anthropologies." In Reimagining Political Ecology, edited by Aletta Biersack and James B. Greenberg. Durham: Duke University Press, 2006. 43–69 pp. Explores a transformation in ecological anthropology in the late twentieth century: in the 1960s, anthropologists assumed the socioecologies they studied tended toward a state of equilibrium, but in later decades, a disequilibrium-based system was assumed. Compares and contrasts the two approaches.

Feit, Harvey A. "Myths of the Ecological Whitemen: Histories, Science, and Rights in North American-Native American Relations." In Native Americans and the Environment: Perspectives on the Ecological Indian, edited by Michael E. Harkin and David Rich Lewis. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2007. 52–92 pp. Draws upon research into the nineteenth-century fur trade between Northern Algonquian Indians and Europeans to critique Shepard Krech's The Ecological Indian, which questioned the popular notion that American Indians were the original ecologists and conservationists. Asserts fundamental problems in Krech's analysis of both the European fur traders and the Northern Algonquians, and offers a case study of a mid-nineteenth-century beaver-restocking experiment to support this assertion.

Fisher, William H. "Surrogate Money, Technology, and the Expansion of Savanna Soybeans in Brazil." In Rethinking Environmental History: World-System History and Global Environmental Change, edited by Alf Hornborg, J. R. McNeill, and Joan Martinez-Alier. Lanham, MD: Altamira Press, 2007. 345–360 pp. Case study of the expansion of soybean cultivation in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso from the 1970s to the early 2000s. Discusses the extent to which much of Brazil's savanna vegetation has been replaced to produce soybeans, cattle, and cotton for international export. Emphasis is on the environmental and economic impacts of this transformation.

Flores, Dan. "Wars over Buffalo: Stories versus Stories on the Northern Plains." In Native Americans and the Environment: Perspectives on the Ecological Indian, edited by Michael E. Harkin and David Rich Lewis. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2007. 153–170 pp. Discusses the history of Red Cloud's War, a nineteenth-century conflict Lakota and Cheyenne Indians waged against the U.S. military in the American plains. Describes the conflict from the perspectives of both parties, and advances a third point of view, using the framework of environmental history to suggest that the conflict was not a territorial one, but an ecological one primarily fought over buffalo herds. Explores the war in the broader context of American Indians' cultural identity.

Frank, Andre Gunder. "Entropy Generation and Displacement: The Nineteenth-Century Multilateral Network of World Trade." In The World System and the Earth System: Global Socioenvironmental Change and Sustainability since the Neolithic, edited by Alf Hornborg and Carole Crumley. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press, 2007. 303–316 pp. Excerpt from the author's unfinished book, a sequel to his ReORIENT: Global Economy in the Asian Age, which argued that a pervasive Eurocentric historiography had resulted in a Eurocentric social theory. Proposes a reinterpretation of the traditional, Eurocentric understanding of the nineteenth century, characterized by an emphasis on multilateralism and a single global structure and dynamic.

Friedman, Jonathan. "Sustainable Unsustainability: Toward a Comparative Study of Hegemonic Decline in Global Systems." In The World System and the Earth System: Global Socioenvironmental Change and Sustainability since the Neolithic, edited by Alf Hornborg and Carole Crumley. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press, 2007. 91–108 pp. Discusses the history of social and cultural anthropology from the 1960s to the 2000s, particularly as it has given rise to a global systemic anthropology. Examines the anthropological arguments that have contributed to the development of this global systems-based approach.

Greenberg, James B. "The Political Ecology of Fisheries in the Upper Gulf of California." In Reimagining Political Ecology, edited by Aletta Biersack and James B. Greenberg. Durham: Duke University Press, 2006. 121–148 pp. Discusses the drastic decline of fish and shrimp stocks due to overfishing in the upper Gulf of California between 1989 and 1993. Rejects the standard "tragedy of the commons" argument for this situation, and argues instead that the problem stemmed from broader political and economic processes. Asserts that such imbalances are the result of an ecosystem's individual elements being treated as distinct commodities, rather than as integrated parts of a larger system.

Hall, Thomas D., and Peter Turchin. "Lessons from Population Ecology for World-Systems Analyses of Long-Distance Synchrony." In The World System and the Earth System: Global Socioenvironmental Change and Sustainability since the Neolithic, edited by Alf Hornborg and Carole Crumley. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press, 2007. 74–90 pp. Argues that world-system processes are often cyclical, and explores how these processes are affected by interactions between spatial and social factors. Particular attention is paid to the synchronization of cycles across geographical distances. Suggests that cyclical models facilitate an understanding of structural change, and the relationships between behaviors and evolutionary processes. Examines these theories in light of case studies, including the Mongol empire (thirteenth century-fifteenth century) and preindustrial England (twelfth century-eighteenth century).

Harkin, Michael E. "Swallowing Wealth: Northwest Coast Beliefs and Ecological Practices." In Native Americans and the Environment: Perspectives on the Ecological Indian, edited by Michael E. Harkin and David Rich Lewis. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2007. 211–232 pp. Critiques the premise of Shepard Krech's 1999 book, The Ecological Indian, which questioned the popular notion, first advanced in the 1970s, that American Indians were the original ecologists and conservationists. Argues the book must be situated in the context of late-1990s environmentalism, characterized by a paternal attitude toward protecting nature and a paradoxical tendency toward consumerism. Uses ethnography to analyze the ecological ideology and consumption patterns of the Kwakwaka'wakw Indians of the Northwest Coast, concluding that attempts to characterize Indians as conservationist or anti-conservationist are misguided.

Helfant, Ian. "S. T. Aksakov: The Ambivalent Proto-Ecological Consciousness of a Nineteenth-Century Russian Hunter." ISLE [Interdisciplinary Studies in Literature and Environment] 13 (Summer 2006): 57–71. Analyzes the work of Russian writer S. T. Aksakov (1791–1859), whose trilogy Stories and Reminiscences of a Sportsman focused on hunting and fishing. Discusses the conceptualization of conservationist ideas in Aksakov's work, and considers whether Aksakov was aware of a tension between his concern for nature and his passion for hunting.

Heyman, Josiah. "Environmental Issues at the U.S.-Mexico Border and the Unequal Territorialization of Value." In Rethinking Environmental History: World-System History and Global Environmental Change, edited by Alf Hornborg, J. R. McNeill, and Joan Martinez-Alier. Lanham, MD: Altamira Press, 2007. 327–343 pp. Discusses issues along the U.S.-Mexico border in the late twentieth century, and examines their origins, including rapid industrialization, urbanization, and the arid natural environment. Explores border inequalities and environmental politics by employing a world-system perspective, arguing that traditional nation-based perspectives are inadequate in border regions.

Holl, Kate, and Mike Smith. "Scottish Upland Forests: History Lessons for the Future." In Cultural Heritage and Sustainable Forest Management: The Role of Traditional Knowledge: Proceedings of the IUFRO Task Force on Traditional Forest Knowledge/Research Group on "Forest and Woodland History" Conference, Florence, Italy, 8–11 June 2006, Volume I, edited by John Parrotta, Mauro Agnoletti, and Elisabeth Johann. Warsaw, Poland: Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe (MCPFE), 2006. 201–208 pp. Explores the influence of historical and cultural land use on the development, distribution, structure and composition of upland forests in the Scottish Highlands from the eleventh century on, challenging the popular perception of a Highland "wilderness" with an alternative view of a more densely populated pastoral landscape.

Holmgren, Karin, and Helena Öberg. "Climate Change in Southern and Eastern Africa during the Past Millennium and its Implications for Societal Development." In The World System and the Earth System: Global Socioenvironmental Change and Sustainability since the Neolithic, edited by Alf Hornborg and Carole Crumley. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press, 2007. 121–131 pp. Analyzes historical and paleoclimatic data from southern and eastern Africa over the 2nd millennium A.D. to illustrate the effects of climatic variability on societies. Concludes that societal change often coincides with climate change, sometimes with catastrophic consequences. Suggests that the climate system is global and dynamic, and poses limitations for the planet's ability to support life.

Hong, Chen. "To Set the Wild Free: Changing Images of Animals in English Poetry in the Pre-Romantic and Romantic Periods." ISLE [Interdisciplinary Studies in Literature and Environment] 13 (Summer 2006): 129–149. Examines depictions of wild animals in English Romantic poetry, suggesting that such depictions reflect evolving attitudes toward animals in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Adopts an ecocritical perspective, setting aside traditional arguments that representations of nature in Romantic poetry are always symbolic.

Hornborg, Alf. "Footprints in the Cotton Fields: The Industrial Revolution as Time-Space Appropriation and Environmental Load Displacement." In Rethinking Environmental History: World-System History and Global Environmental Change, edited by Alf Hornborg, J. R. McNeill, and Joan Martinez-Alier. Lanham, MD: Altamira Press, 2007. 259–272 pp. Using the Second Law of Thermodynamics as a framework, argues that the continuation of industrial infrastructure requires a constant input of free or available energy. Concludes that industrial infrastructure, which includes factories and industrial cities, relies on an unequal exchange of energy, and possibly of material flows. Applies this analytical concept to statistical data on nineteenth-century British trade.

Hornborg, Alf. "Regional Integration and Ecology in Prehistoric Amazonia: Toward a System Perspective." In The World System and the Earth System: Global Socioenvironmental Change and Sustainability since the Neolithic, edited by Alf Hornborg and Carole Crumley. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press, 2007. 210–228 pp. Explores the social and environmental elements of prehistoric Amazonia, proposing a regional perspective for understanding the region's social stratification and agricultural intensification. Concludes that the development of Arawak Indian chiefdoms and ethnic identities was closely related to social stratification, ethnicity, economy, and ecology.

Hvalkof, Soren. "Progress of the Victims: Political Ecology in the Peruvian Amazon." In Reimagining Political Ecology, edited by Aletta Biersack and James B. Greenberg. Durham: Duke University Press, 2006. 195–232 pp. Presents a case study of the Ashéninka, an indigenous group in the Peruvian Amazon rain forest, tracing the history of the Ashéninka from early Spanish colonization in 1635 to the 1990s. Draws upon this case study to reject the tendency of traditional ecological anthropology to present indigenous groups as exploited "noble savages." Describes how the Ashéninka gradually became active agents of social change and democratization, and argues for an "ecology of practice," focusing on social relationships and resource management.

Janik, Erika. "Increase A. Lapham: Citizen Scientist." Wisconsin Natural Resources 31 (February 2007): 17–21. Biography of Lapham (1811–1875), pioneer naturalist, surveyor, mapmaker, and early advocate of forest conservation in Wisconsin.

Johann, E. "Shaping the Landscape: Long-term Effects of the Historical Controversy about the Viennese Forest (Wienerwald)." In The Conservation of Cultural Landscapes, edited by Mauro Agnoletti. Oxford: CAB International, 2006. 242–252 pp. Case study of the Viennese Forest, a large city-owned natural area dedicated to public welfare (fifteenth through early twenty-first centuries). Examines the forest's importance as a supply of wood fuel; administration and protection of the forest; the influence of sustained-yield and scientific forestry; and public participation in forest management.

Johann, Elisabeth. "Traditional Forest Management Under the Influence of Science and Industry: The Story of the Alpine Cultural Landscapes." In Cultural Heritage and Sustainable Forest Management: The Role of Traditional Knowledge: Proceedings of the IUFRO Task Force on Traditional Forest Knowledge/Research Group on "Forest and Woodland History" Conference, Florence, Italy, 8–11 June 2006, Volume I, edited by John Parrotta, Mauro Agnoletti, and Elisabeth Johann. Warsaw, Poland: Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe (MCPFE), 2006. 48–55 pp. Analyzes how rural societies in history, particularly in the Alpine regions, reconciled their demand for wood, how these uses related to social and economic structures, the role of scientific forestry, and the effects on landscape and traditional knowledge, sixteenth through twenty-first centuries. Available online at http://www.iufro.org/science/task-forces/traditional-forest-knowledge/publications.

Jones, Tim. "Protecting the Forests from Fire: A Brief History of Wildland Fire Protection in Alabama." Alabama's Treasured Forests 25 (Fall 2006): 23–25. Late nineteenth through twentieth centuries.

Kelly, Robert L., and Mary M. Prasciunas. "Did the Ancestors of Native Americans Cause Animal Extinctions in Late-Pleistocene North America? And Does it Matter if They Did?" In Native Americans and the Environment: Perspectives on the Ecological Indian, edited by Michael E. Harkin and David Rich Lewis. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2007. 95–122 pp. Discusses recent theories for late-Pleistocene extinctions in North America, including climate change, human predation, and human-introduced diseases. Speculates on the implications a human cause may have on modern Native Americans. Concludes that there is insufficient evidence to determine the cause of the extinctions.

Krech, Shepard III. "Beyond The Ecological Indian." In Native Americans and the Environment: Perspectives on the Ecological Indian, edited by Michael E. Harkin and David Rich Lewis. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2007. 3–31 pp. The author revisits his 1999 book The Ecological Indian, which inspired controversy by questioning the popular notion, first advanced in the 1970s, that American Indians were the original ecologists and conservationists. Responds to some of the book's critics, and asserts that the book was written to address the fit between Indians' image in popular representation and Indians' actual behavior.

Kristiansen, Kristian. "Eurasian Transformations: Mobility, Ecological Change, and the Transmission of Social Institutions in the Third Millennium and the Early Second Millennium, B.C.E." In The World System and the Earth System: Global Socioenvironmental Change and Sustainability since the Neolithic, edited by Alf Hornborg and Carole Crumley. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press, 2007. 149–162 pp. Explores the prehistoric processes that transformed Eurasia from an enclosed, marginal region to a dynamic interaction zone connecting eastern and western Asia, 3rd millennium - 2nd millennium B.C.E. Suggests that the most important forces in this process were the rise of a nucleated family structure that facilitated expansion and wealth transmission, as well as the development of an agropastoral economy, which led to the creation of open steppe environments.

La Mantia, Tommaso, et al. "La scomparsa dell'utilizzazione dell'erica: un esempio di cancellazione di un paesaggio culturale e dei suoi valori naturallistici." In Cultural Heritage and Sustainable Forest Management: The Role of Traditional Knowledge: Proceedings of the IUFRO Task Force on Traditional Forest Knowledge/Research Group on "Forest and Woodland History" Conference, Florence, Italy, 8–11 June 2006, Volume I, edited by John Parrotta, Mauro Agnoletti, and Elisabeth Johann. Warsaw, Poland: Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe (MCPFE), 2006. 56–64 pp. "The cessation of utilization of Erica arborea: an example of cancellation of a cultural landscape and its naturalistic values." Examines the drastic reduction of activities related to the use of heather trees by a local community in the Peloritani Mountains of Sicily. twentieth century. Text in Italian.

Langdon, Stephen J. "Sustaining a Relationship: Inquiry into the Emergence of a Logic of Engagement with Salmon among the Southern Tlingits." In Native Americans and the Environment: Perspectives on the Ecological Indian, edited by Michael E. Harkin and David Rich Lewis. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2007. 233–273 pp. Drawing upon archaeological evidence, discusses the conceptions of human relationships with salmon in two Tlingit Indian groups —the Hinyaa and the Klawock—in Alaska. Examines how mythological understandings of this relationship may have provided the basis for a change in salmon harvesting technology and practice between 1500 and 1000 B.C.

Langston, Nancy. "Restoration in the American National Forests: Ecological Processes and Cultural Landscapes." In The Conservation of Cultural Landscapes, edited by Mauro Agnoletti. Oxford: CAB International, 2006. 163–172 pp. Reviews the history and goals of restoration in America's National Forests, using a case study from the old-growth forests eastern Oregon's Blue Mountains to argue that forest restoration should be based on an understanding of forests as cultural landscapes rather than on pristine myth.

Latorre, Jesús García, and Juan García Latorre. "It All Began with Adam: The Historical Roots of the Conflicts Between Conventional Resource Management and Traditional Local Communities." In Cultural Heritage and Sustainable Forest Management: The Role of Traditional Knowledge: Proceedings of the IUFRO Task Force on Traditional Forest Knowledge/Research Group on "Forest and Woodland History" Conference, Florence, Italy, 8–11 June 2006, Volume I, edited by John Parrotta, Mauro Agnoletti, and Elisabeth Johann. Warsaw, Poland: Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe (MCPFE), 2006. 129–134 pp. Seeks to understand modern natural resource conflicts in developing countries by examining the historical relationships between conventional and traditional management in Europe. Suggests that today's conflicts originated with competition between the emergence of capitalism (as championed by intellectuals led by Adam Smith) and peasant communities from the end of the seventeenth century onward.

Latz, G. "Comparative International Research on Agricultural Land-use History and Forest Management Practices: The Tuscan Estate of Castello di Spannocchia and Vermont's Marsh-Billings-Rockefeller National Historic Park." In The Conservation of Cultural Landscapes, edited by Mauro Agnoletti. Oxford: CAB International, 2006. 227–241 pp. Reports on ongoing research to study strategic master planning for sustainable forestry and agriculture, as well as opportunities for demonstration and public education, at two international sites: Italy's Castello di Spannocchia, and Vermont's Marsh-Billings-Rockefeller National Historic Park. Focuses in particular on the Italian case study and the role of GIS/GPS land-use maps, compiled for the years 1832, 1954, and 2002.

LeCain, Timothy J. "'See America the Beautiful': Butte's Berkeley Pit and the American Culture of Consumption." Montana the Magazine of Western History 56 (Winter 2006): 5–17. Examines the advertising and promotional efforts of the Anaconda Company, an international mining and manufacturing corporation with a strong presence in Montana. Drawing on print advertisements from the 1950s, explores the relationship between Anaconda and post-war American consumerism. Pays particular attention to the company's efforts to promote the Berkeley Pit, a large open-pit mine in Butte, as a tourist attraction.

Lent, Jeffrey. "A Man and a Team." Northern Woodlands 14 (Spring 2007): 28–30. Author's account of horse logging in his father's farm woodlot in New England, mid-twentieth century.

Lewis, David Rich. "Skull Valley Goshutes and the Politics of Nuclear Waste: Environment, Identity, and Sovereignty." In Native Americans and the Environment: Perspectives on the Ecological Indian, edited by Michael E. Harkin and David Rich Lewis. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2007. 304–342 pp. Case study of a 1993 agreement between the Skull Valley Band of Goshute Indians in Utah and Private Fuel Store LLC to store high-level radioactive nuclear waste on the Goshute Reservation. Discusses the opposition of Utah's governor and state environmentalists, and details the political issues at stake. Traces the history of nuclear waste policy as it connects with Indian land management, beginning in 1954, and situates the discussion within the context of environmental racism.

Linares, Antonio M. "Forest Science and Local Experience in the Management of the Woodland: The Case of Extremadura's Dehesa." In Cultural Heritage and Sustainable Forest Management: The Role of Traditional Knowledge: Proceedings of the IUFRO Task Force on Traditional Forest Knowledge/Research Group on "Forest and Woodland History" Conference, Florence, Italy, 8–11 June 2006, Volume I, edited by John Parrotta, Mauro Agnoletti, and Elisabeth Johann. Warsaw, Poland: Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe (MCPFE), 2006. 69–77 pp. Demonstrates the results of the application of German Forestry School doctrines in the Extremadura region of southwest Spain and the effects on its open oak parkland landscape since the mid-nineteenth century.

Long, Bill. "Driving Haul Trucks in the Berkeley Pit: Reminiscences of a Gritty Job." Montana the Magazine of Western History 56 (Winter 2006): 56–60. First-hand account of the author's experience driving a haul truck in the Anaconda Mining Company's Berkeley open-pit mine in Butte, Montana, in the 1970s.

Meggers, Betty J. "Sustainable Intensive Exploitation of Amazonia: Cultural, Environmental, and Geopolitical Perspectives." In The World System and the Earth System: Global Socioenvironmental Change and Sustainability since the Neolithic, edited by Alf Hornborg and Carole Crumley. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press, 2007. 195–209 pp. Ecological and archaeological analysis of Amazonia over the 1st and 2nd millennia C.E. Determines that the scientific data does not support the commonly held belief that prehistoric Amazonian societies featured large cities with complex social organization. Instead, argues that the intensive agriculture needed to support such a social system would have been impossible given the poor soil conditions.

Métailié, J.-P. "Mountain Landscape, Pastoral Management and Traditional Practices in the Northern Pyrenees (France)." In The Conservation of Cultural Landscapes, edited by Mauro Agnoletti. Oxford: CAB International, 2006. 108–124 pp. Examines the past and contemporary roles of pastoral management, and the prospects for its future, in the Northern Pyrenees Mountains of France. Looks in particular at traditional burning practices and bocage (wood pastures) over the long term.

Mittlefehldt, Sarah. "The Origins of Wisconsin's Ice Age Trail: Ray Zillmer's Path to Protect the Past." Wisconsin Magazine of History 90 (Spring 2007): 2–14. Story of attorney and conservationist Raymond Zillmer, who devoted his last years in the late 1950s to the preservation of Wisconsin's glacial landscape and the creation of the National Scenic Ice Age Trail.

Modelski, George. "Ages of Reorganization." In The World System and the Earth System: Global Socioenvironmental Change and Sustainability since the Neolithic, edited by Alf Hornborg and Carole Crumley. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press, 2007. 180–194 pp. Revisits the concept of "dark ages," suggesting that the term should be reinterpreted and replaced by the phrase "ages of reorganization." Draws upon global historical data from 3000 B.C.E. to 2000 A.D. to understand the characteristics of "dark ages," and proposes that those eras be perceived as part of a series of processes that compose world-system evolution. Asserts that a new "age of reorganization" has already begun.

Molina, C. Montiel. "The Restoration of Forest Landscapes through Farmland Afforestation Measures in Spain." In The Conservation of Cultural Landscapes, edited by Mauro Agnoletti. Oxford: CAB International, 2006. 197–210 pp. Discusses farmland afforestation in Spain as a result of the agri-environmental measures that accompanied the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) of 1992. Examines the history of Spanish rural landscapes and of the National Farmland Afforestation Programme, highlighting the difficulties of applying the spirit of CAP reform in Mediterranean Europe.

Muradian, Roldan, and Stefan Giljum. "Physical Trade Flows of Pollution-Intensive Products: Historical Trends in Europe and the World." In Rethinking Environmental History: World-System History and Global Environmental Change, edited by Alf Hornborg, J. R. McNeill, and Joan Martinez-Alier. Lanham, MD: Altamira Press, 2007. 307–325 pp. Examines existing data on trade patterns from 1978 to 1996, using it to analyze import and export trends of pollution-intensive products in various global regions. Results suggest that exports of pollution-intensive products are increasing in nearly all the regions studied.

Nesper, Larry, and James H. Schlender. "The Politics of Cultural Revitalization and Intertribal Resource Management: The Great Lakes Indian Fish and Wildlife Commission and the States of Wisconsin, Michigan, and Minnesota." In Native Americans and the Environment: Perspectives on the Ecological Indian, edited by Michael E. Harkin and David Rich Lewis. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2007. 277–303 pp. Responds to the assertion in Shepard Krech's 1999 book, The Ecological Indian, that Wisconsin Ojibwe Indians had reportedly left thousands of fish to spoil in warm weather in the 1980s. Challenges this assertion through a detailed discussion of Ojibwe culture, fishing practices, and resource use. Discusses the creation of the intertribal Great Lakes Indian Fish and Wildlife Commission as an indication of Ojibwe tribes' ability to use biological science and law to effectively manage resources.

Nizalowski, John. "Borderlands and Transfiguration: Desert Mysticism in Frank Waters's The Lizard Woman." ISLE [Interdisciplinary Studies in Literature and Environment] 13 (Summer 2006): 93–101. Analysis of Frank Waters' novel The Lizard Woman (1930) from an ecocritical perspective. Discusses the role of the U.S./Mexican border landscape and Native American religious beliefs.

O'Neill, Clifford. "'The Most Magical Corner of England': Tourism, Preservation and the Development of the Lake District, 1919–39." In Histories of Tourism: Representation, Identity, and Conflict, edited by John K. Walton. Clevedon, UK: Channel View Publications, 2005. 228–244 pp. Explores the changes that occurred in the tourist industry in Great Britain's Lake District between World War I and World War II. Addresses economic challenges presented to the industry by the increase in automobile-based tourism and the growth of the outdoor movement, both of which resulted in an increase of hikers, campers, and day-trippers. Discusses the effects of these changes on landscape preservation, planning, and development in the region.

Oppermann, Serpil. "Theorizing Ecocriticism: Toward a Postmodern Ecocritical Practice." ISLE [Interdisciplinary Studies in Literature and Environment] 13 (Summer 2006): 103–128. Proposes that literary ecocriticism, established in the 1990s, has been too focused on realism. Argues instead that a reconstructive postmodern theory, rooted in principles of heterogeneity, is more consistent with ecological principles, and therefore a more appropriate context for the practice of ecocriticism.

Östlund, L., and I. Bergman. "Cultural Landscapes in Northern Forests—Time, Space and Affiliation to the Land." In The Conservation of Cultural Landscapes, edited by Mauro Agnoletti. Oxford: CAB International, 2006. 30–41 pp. Natural, cultural history and physical characteristics of forested landscapes in northern Sweden, with emphasis on the native Sami people and their use of forests in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Discusses the challenges of and prospects for landscape preservation in the region.

Östlund, Lars, et al. "Culturally Scarred Trees in the Bob Marshall Wilderness, Montana, USA—Interpreting Native American Historical Forest Use in a Wilderness Area." Natural Areas Journal 25 (October 2005): 315–325. Reports on study to gather evidence of native peoples' use of and impact on the ponderosa pine forest in the South Fork Valley of the Bob Marshall Wilderness in Montana. Study analyzed bark-peeling scars dating from 1665 through 1938 in conjunction with written and ethnographic records.

Palamar, Colette R. "Wild, Women, and Wolves: An Ecological Feminist Examination of Wolf Reintroduction." Environmental Ethics 29 (Spring 2007): 63–75. Ethical assessment of wolf reintroduction in the United States from an ecological feminist perspective, offering a framework for assessing environmental practice and policy.

Pálsson, Gíslí. "Nature and Society in the Age of Postmodernity." In Reimagining Political Ecology, edited by Aletta Biersack and James B. Greenberg. Durham: Duke University Press, 2006. 70–93 pp. Contrasts modern and postmodern concepts of the relationship between human society and the natural environment. Focuses on the dualism of nature and society associated with the modernist perspective, and explores the attempts of anthropology to transcend that dualism. Applies this discussion to a critique of the Icelandic fishing industry from the 1940s to the 1990s.

Price, Colin. "Cultural Forest Landscapes and Ecological Imperialism." In Cultural Heritage and Sustainable Forest Management: The Role of Traditional Knowledge: Proceedings of the IUFRO Task Force on Traditional Forest Knowledge/Research Group on "Forest and Woodland History" Conference, Florence, Italy, 8–11 June 2006, Volume I, edited by John Parrotta, Mauro Agnoletti, and Elisabeth Johann. Warsaw, Poland: Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe (MCPFE), 2006. 145–152 pp. Examines the "scenic" landscape aesthetic of traditional cultures as reflected in cultural landscapes of the United Kingdom such as the English Lake District and Kielder Forest, and the threats posed to them by a so-called "ecological aesthetic" which requires emulation of or reversion to nature.

Ramakrishnan, P. S. "History and Refinement of TFK [Traditional Forest Knowledge]: An Asian Perspective." In Cultural Heritage and Sustainable Forest Management: The Role of Traditional Knowledge: Proceedings of the IUFRO Task Force on Traditional Forest Knowledge/Research Group on "Forest and Woodland History" Conference, Florence, Italy, 8–11 June 2006, Volume I, edited by John Parrotta, Mauro Agnoletti, and Elisabeth Johann. Warsaw, Poland: Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe (MCPFE), 2006. 78–84 pp. Examines the historical evolution of traditional forest knowledge in the Asian tropics and its potential for improving forest conservation and sustainability.

Ranco, Darren J. "The Ecological Indian and the Politics of Representation: Critiquing The Ecological Indian in the Age of Ecocide." In Native Americans and the Environment: Perspectives on the Ecological Indian, edited by Michael E. Harkin and David Rich Lewis. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2007. 32–51 pp. Critiques Shepard Krech's 1999 book, The Ecological Indian, which questioned the popular notion, first advanced in the 1970s, that American Indians were the original ecologists and conservationists. Draws upon sources cited in the book to argue that Krech ignores Indians' own cultural identities. Presents a historical context for Indians' ecological self-representations, based upon the exploitative resource extraction policies of the United States.

Rentch, Janes S., and Ray R. Hicks, Jr. "Changes in Presettlement Forest Composition for Five Areas in the Central Hardwood Forest, 1784–1990." Natural Areas Journal 25 (July 2005): 228–238. Species composition change over time (late eighteenth through late twentieth centuries) in the hardwood forests of eastern Ohio, southwestern Pennsylvania, and north central West Virginia, and its relationship to fire frequency.

Replinger, Peter J. "'Loggers Special' Gasoline Locomotive Crane; Clyde Iron Works, Duluth, Minnesota." Tall Timber Short Lines (Winter 2007): 9–20. Part one in a series about the first gasoline-powered logger's locomotive crane, introduced by Clyde Iron Works of Duluth, Minnesota in 1928. Discusses its impact on railroad logging through the 1970s.

Rochel, Xavier. "Selection Forestry Between Tradition and Innovation: Five Centuries of Practice in France." In Cultural Heritage and Sustainable Forest Management: The Role of Traditional Knowledge: Proceedings of the IUFRO Task Force on Traditional Forest Knowledge/Research Group on "Forest and Woodland History" Conference, Florence, Italy, 8–11 June 2006, Volume I, edited by John Parrotta, Mauro Agnoletti, and Elisabeth Johann. Warsaw, Poland: Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe (MCPFE), 2006. 85–90 pp. Explores selection management systems in French forestry, sixteenth through twentieth centuries, seeking to define the links between ancestral and modern practices.

Rotherham, I. D. "Historic Landscape Restoration: Case Studies of Site Recovery in Post-Industrial South Yorkshire, England." In The Conservation of Cultural Landscapes, edited by Mauro Agnoletti. Oxford: CAB International, 2006. 213–226 pp. Draws on findings from four case studies of post-industrial landscapes in South Yorkshire, England, highlighting the potential for restoration and recovery of historic landscapes, as well as the challenges involved in balancing historic preservation with ecology and sustainability.

Rotherham, Ian D. "Working Landscapes or Recreational Showcases — Sustainable Forest Management and the Implications of Cultural Knowledge Loss." In Cultural Heritage and Sustainable Forest Management: The Role of Traditional Knowledge: Proceedings of the IUFRO Task Force on Traditional Forest Knowledge/Research Group on "Forest and Woodland History" Conference, Florence, Italy, 8–11 June 2006, Volume I, edited by John Parrotta, Mauro Agnoletti, and Elisabeth Johann. Warsaw, Poland: Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe (MCPFE), 2006. 209–216 pp. Case study of Sheffield in South Yorkshire, England, examining the ways in which forest landscapes reflect and influence the cultural history of communities. Sheffield has numerous woodland sites managed for seven hundred to eight hundred years as traditional coppice woods, then converted to amenity woods in the nineteenth-early twentieth century, causing the loss of virtually all traditional community knowledge.

Sax, Joseph L., and Robert B. Keiter. "Glacier National Park and Its Neighbors: A Twenty-Year Assessment of Regional Resource Management." George Wright Forum 24 (1 2007): 23–40. Summary results of a study assessing external threats to Glacier National Park. Updates a similar study undertaken in the mid 1980s.

Schmithuesen, Franz, and Klaus Seeland. "European Landscapes and Forests as Representations of Culture." In Cultural Heritage and Sustainable Forest Management: The Role of Traditional Knowledge: Proceedings of the IUFRO Task Force on Traditional Forest Knowledge/Research Group on "Forest and Woodland History" Conference, Florence, Italy, 8–11 June 2006, Volume I, edited by John Parrotta, Mauro Agnoletti, and Elisabeth Johann. Warsaw, Poland: Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe (MCPFE), 2006. 217–224 pp. Examines the cultural processes that have shaped forests and landscapes in Europe over the long term, and the effects of those developments on environmental decision-making in the early twenty-first century.

Sellars, Richard West. "The National Park System and the Historic American Past: A Brief Overview and Reflection." George Wright Forum 24 (1 2007): 8–22. Discusses the early history of cultural resource management in the U.S. national parks, beginning with the 1906 Antiquities Act, and reflects on historic preservation on a national level.

Servant, Gary, Nicola Gallinaro, and Jake Willis. "Cultural Re-animation and Rural Development Forestry: Examples of a Leader and Cooperation Project between Rural Communities in Italy and Scotland." In Cultural Heritage and Sustainable Forest Management: The Role of Traditional Knowledge: Proceedings of the IUFRO Task Force on Traditional Forest Knowledge/Research Group on "Forest and Woodland History" Conference, Florence, Italy, 8–11 June 2006, Volume I, edited by John Parrotta, Mauro Agnoletti, and Elisabeth Johann. Warsaw, Poland: Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe (MCPFE), 2006. 260–267 pp. Outlines experiences of a trans-national cooperative project called "Utilizing Woodlands" between project areas in GardaValsabbia, Italy and the West Highlands in Scotland. Examines woodland history and traditional woodland management in both areas and discusses the recording and re-animation of traditional culture as a means of promoting biodiversity conservation and rural development.

Siiskonen, Harri. "The 'Conflict' Between Traditional Forest Knowledge and Scientific Forest Management in Twentieth-Century Finland." In Cultural Heritage and Sustainable Forest Management: The Role of Traditional Knowledge: Proceedings of the IUFRO Task Force on Traditional Forest Knowledge/Research Group on "Forest and Woodland History" Conference, Florence, Italy, 8–11 June 2006, Volume I, edited by John Parrotta, Mauro Agnoletti, and Elisabeth Johann. Warsaw, Poland: Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe (MCPFE), 2006. 153–162 pp. Addresses the adaptation of scientific forestry practices to private forestry and the reactions of private forest owners in twentieth-century Finland, highlighting concepts of environmental literacy, selective cutting, and forest devastation.

Slicer, Deborah. "Do What the Clouds Do: Charles Wright's Ambivalent Relationship with Nature and Landscape." ISLE [Interdisciplinary Studies in Literature and Environment] 13 (Summer 2006): 167–178. Analyzes critiques of the work of poet Charles Wright from an ecocritical perspective, and discusses portrayals of nature in Wright's work, focusing on his Black Zodiac (1997). Questions whether it is possible to achieve realism in nature writing, but ultimately asserts that Wright is a realist.

Smith, Mick. "Worldly (In)Difference and Ecological Ethics: Iris Murdoch and Emmanuel Levinas." Environmental Ethics 29 (Spring 2007): 23–41. Explores the work of writer Iris Murdoch and ethicist Emmanuel Levinas to illustrate the possibilities and challenges of an ecological form of "difference ethics," focusing on the world's differences from and indifference to human beings.

Stanturf, John. "Can We Bring Back Faulkner's Big Woods?" Compass (July 2006): 1–5. Long-term geologic and land use history of "Faulkner's Big Woods," the area of the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley chronicled in William Faulkner's 1930s book The Big Woods. Focuses on efforts since the 1960s by the Forest Service to reverse deforestation in the area caused by logging and agriculture.

Staton, Bob. "Safety in Numbers: The Missouri Hunter Education Program Celebrates 50 Years and 1 Million Graduates." Missouri Conservationist 68 (February 2007): 11–13. History of the Missouri Hunter Education Program on the occasion of its 50th anniversary.

Stierle, Andrea. "Bioprospecting in the Berkeley Pit." Montana the Magazine of Western History 56 (Winter 2006): 71. Describes conducting biological research in the 1990s-2000s in the Berkeley Pit, a man-made lake of mining runoff water in Butte, Montana.

Tainter, Joseph A. "Scale and Dependency in World-Systems: Local Societies in Convergent Evolution." In Rethinking Environmental History: World-System History and Global Environmental Change, edited by Alf Hornborg, J. R. McNeill, and Joan Martinez-Alier. Lanham, MD: Altamira Press, 2007. 361–377 pp. Comparative analysis of the environmental and economic development of Epirus, Greece, 1945–2006, and New Mexico, seventeenth century-2006. Utilizing a world-system perspective of global economic development, analyzes the similarities between these two regions, with regard to their economic, political, and informational relations. Argues that both were transformed from isolated, self-sufficient communities to dependent economies as a result of their incorporation into a world-system.

Tello, E., R. Garrabou, and X. Cussó. "Energy Balance and Land Use: the Making of an Agrarian Landscape from the Vantage Point of Social Metabolism (the Catalan Vallès County in 1860/1870)." In The Conservation of Cultural Landscapes, edited by Mauro Agnoletti. Oxford: CAB International, 2006. 42–56 pp. Using a case study of the Vallès Oriental County in Catalonia, Spain in the 1860s-1870s, analyzes the path of Karl Marx's "social metabolism" that leaves its ecological footprint on the landscape.

Thompson, William R. "Climate, Water, and Political-Economic Crises in Ancient Mesopotamia and Egypt." In The World System and the Earth System: Global Socioenvironmental Change and Sustainability since the Neolithic, edited by Alf Hornborg and Carole Crumley. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press, 2007. 163–179 pp. Examines the development of Mesopotamia and Egypt, 4000 B.C.E. -1000 B.C.E, with regard to the influences of changing climate and water supply on political and economic systems. Proposes five hypotheses to explain the relationships between these cultural and ecological systems, and tests them through data analysis. Suggests a link between water scarcity and political and economic crisis, and that climate change resulted in many cultural innovations.

Thomson, Keith Stewart. "Beatrix Potter, Conservationist." American Scientist 95 (May-June 2007): 210–212. Examines Beatrix Potter's (1866–1943) conservation work, most notably preserving the landscapes and farming practices of the Lake District in northwest England.

Trosper, Ronald L. "Indigenous Influence on Forest Management on Indian Reservations in the United States." In Cultural Heritage and Sustainable Forest Management: The Role of Traditional Knowledge: Proceedings of the IUFRO Task Force on Traditional Forest Knowledge/Research Group on "Forest and Woodland History" Conference, Florence, Italy, 8–11 June 2006, Volume I, edited by John Parrotta, Mauro Agnoletti, and Elisabeth Johann. Warsaw, Poland: Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe (MCPFE), 2006. 92–99 pp. Addresses the impact of indigenous ideas on forest management on Indian reservations in the United States in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Highlights the exceptional case of the Menominee Reservation in Wisconsin, where as a result of 1908 legislation, Indians were able to implement many ideas that are now part of what is considered sustainable forest management.

Wallerstein, Immanuel. "The Ecology and the Economy: What Is Rational?" In Rethinking Environmental History: World-System History and Global Environmental Change, edited by Alf Hornborg, J. R. McNeill, and Joan Martinez-Alier. Lanham, MD: Altamira Press, 2007. 379–389 pp. Explores questions related to global environmental change and its connection to economic systems as they have developed over the past five hundred years. Critiques the endless capital accumulation necessary for the continuation of capitalism, particularly as it impacts human relationships with the natural environment, and considers whether sustainable development is possible. Addresses political questions of generational resource allocation.

Weisz, Helga. "Combining Social Metabolism and Input-Output Analyses to Account for Ecologically Unequal Trade." In Rethinking Environmental History: World-System History and Global Environmental Change, edited by Alf Hornborg, J. R. McNeill, and Joan Martinez-Alier. Lanham, MD: Altamira Press, 2007. 289–306 pp. Explores the idea of ecologically unequal trade in light of empirical evidence. Reviews capitalist economic theory, particularly the definition of factor inputs that includes only labor and capital; suggests the definition should be expanded by including material flows, energy flows, and land use. Applies this input-output approach to an analysis of Denmark's consumption in 1990, and ultimately concludes that further empirical research is needed.

Widell, Magnus. "Historical Evidence for Climate Instability and Environmental Catastrophes in Northern Syria and the Jazira: The Chronicle of Michael the Syrian." Environment and History 13 (February 2007): 47–70. Uses the Chronicle of Michael the Syrian, a Patriarch of Antioch in the late twelfth century A.D., to explore environmental and climatic catastrophes in northern Syria and Jazira in the third and early second millennium B.C. Argues that diversified subsistence and flexibility were essential for Mesopotamian societies to absorb environmental risk.

Yi, Cheong-Ho. "Koguryo Civilisation Sustained by Forest Culture in the Northern Korean Peninsular and Manchuria." In Cultural Heritage and Sustainable Forest Management: The Role of Traditional Knowledge: Proceedings of the IUFRO Task Force on Traditional Forest Knowledge/Research Group on "Forest and Woodland History" Conference, Florence, Italy, 8–11 June 2006, Volume I, edited by John Parrotta, Mauro Agnoletti, and Elisabeth Johann. Warsaw, Poland: Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe (MCPFE), 2006. 100–106 pp. Studies cultural phenomena related to forests and trees in the Koguryo civilization of northern Korea and Manchuria through mural paintings dating from the 3rd through mid-7th centuries.

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