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interview
hal k. rothman
In this inaugural interview in what is to be an on-going feature, we felt it fitting to talk with Hal Rothman, long-time editor of this journal and its predecessor Environmental History Review. Most readers will be well-acquainted with at least some of Hal's work. The length of his bibliography is a testament to his energy and enthusiasm and to his enormous contribution to the field of environmental history. It also is worth noting the many publications and interviews aimed at a lay audience: Rothman is an inspiring example of a true public scholar, an academic who has been determined to take the riches of our field to a wider audience.
Editor and Associate Editor: Thank you for agreeing to do this interview. It offers our readers a unique opportunity to retrace your intellectual biography with you.
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Editor: When he prepared a survey of the field for Pacific Historical Review back in 1985, Richard White was able to read all the important works in environmental history in a single summer. Which of these pioneering contributors were most important for you? Was there a particular book or article that influenced your decision to specialize in this field?
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Rothman: The first book I read was Alfred Crosby's The Columbian Exchange (Greenwood, 1972) and next was Donald Worster's The Dust Bowl (Oxford, 1979). This was back in 1981, when I started graduate school at the University of Texas, Austin.
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Editor: Who was your principal mentor at UT Austin? Did you meet any resistance or receive any words of warning when you decided to specialize in environmental history?
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Rothman: Alfred Crosby was my principal mentor. I took his seminar and was transformed. I saw the world in a new way. I did receive words of warning, but from another environmental historian, Robert Righter. He told me to remember that no one gets hired as an environmental historian. You get hired for something else and work it into your repertoire.
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Associate Editor: Did you go to UT Austin to work with Crosby or did you discover him when you arrived? Why did you go to graduate school at all? What was it about academic life that stimulated you? And was Righter correct? Did this prove true in your career?
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Rothman: I discovered Crosby when I arrived in Austin. I went there to be a film critic and American studies was the most amenable place for that aspiration. I took Crosby's class and was transformed. I went to grad school after knocking around in rock 'n' roll for a few years. I chose Austin because the Armadillo World Headquarters, a premier rock 'n' roll venue at the time, was there and I figured if grad school did not work out, I could go back into music. I am a faculty brat and was well-acquainted with academic life. As for Righter, he was correct. I was hired first as a public historian and later as a western historian. I never taught environmental history except as an overload until I was editor of Environmental History. It was a very different world then.
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Editor: Describe your own first steps in the field. What was the genesis of your first research topic? What challenges did you encounter when you began your research?
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Rothman: My first research topic was about dioxin. This was in Crosby's Disease Demography Seminar. I knew nothing about the subject, but this was right after dioxin was discovered as a byproduct of a fire in an office building in Buffalo, New York. I thought that the topic clearly had a history. Of course, this was not a conventional topic and the research was considerably different from the kind of work my peers at grad school were doing, but I muddled through.
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Associate Editor: Tell us more about the muddling process. What did you conclude, if you can remember that far back, about this project or the larger possibilities for an environmental history? How did Crosby influence you in this regard, if he did?
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Rothman: At the time, the larger possibilities of environmental history were confined to Al Crosby's next project—Ecological Imperialism (Cambridge 1986) —which permeated his teaching and as a result, my thinking. I almost became a disease demographer! But my interests were more parochial, in public land and national parks. So Al encouraged me to do something different from what he did, a model I have taken to heart.
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Editor: How would you describe the shape or arc of your career? What are the principal themes of your research? Did each of your books build on previous work?
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Rothman: The principal themes of my research are place, space, and time. I have written on everything from environmentalism to cities of the future. In a strange way, each of my books built on earlier ones. Mostly, each new book has tried to patch holes in the predecessors.
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Associate Editor: Can you give us an example of this hole patching?
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Rothman: In a review of my book On Rims and Ridges (Nebraska, 1992), one reviewer suggested that I had missed a major point, the role of tourism as a savior for people in the Pajarito Plateau region. I was compelled to write Devil's Bargains (Kansas, 1998) to prove him wrong.
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Editor: Felix Gilbert once suggested that historians do original work by succeeding in one or more of the following respects: (1) finding a fresh topic; (2) employing a new method of analysis; (3) discovering new or previously overlooked sources. How would you apply these criteria to your own work?
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Rothman: I'm a fresh-topic guy. I have tried to explore things that people have overlooked or not thought important. From national monuments to tourism to Las Vegas and the cities of the future, it has been about new topics and new ways to look at old topics.
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Associate Editor: Can you talk about Devil's Bargains in this light?
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Rothman: I was lucky enough to live in service-oriented communities for much of my career. My time in Santa Fe taught me volumes about post-industrial economies and of course my move to Las Vegas crystallized my thinking. As we passed through the portal from industrialism to a postindustrial world, service and consumption replace resource exploitation. This has accelerated in the decade since Devil's Bargains was published, making the book an even more poignant commentary. In fact, I have gone so far as to define the New West as the point when service and leisure supplant resource extraction. This makes places like Olympic National Park critical in understanding the transition to postindustrialism. Olympic is the only national park to be established atop a functioning extractive economy. To me, that is where the New West began, in the 1960s when an effort to excise 59,000 acres from the park for timber production failed because tourism to the park was more valuable than the timber that would have been cut. That is where the idea that timber is more valuable as scenery than as board-feet began.
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Editor: Has the development of the field of environmental history over the last quarter century met your expectations? Which developments have been most satisfying? Have there been any disappointments?
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Rothman: The transformation from advocacy to analysis has been the most satisfying for me. Back when I started, most environmental historians were advocates. They used scholarship to advance the idea that the environment was in trouble. I hope that I helped hold people to a higher standard: This was one of the main focuses of my tenure at Environmental History. We could not advance as a field until we differentiated scholarship and advocacy. This does not mean that we gave up advocacy altogether. It only means that we separated it from our scholarship.
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Associate Editor: What was it about the subject of national parks that attracted you, and why has it held your attention for so long? What would you say were your main contributions to this sub-field? It seems also to have sparked your interest in public history. How did that come about? Tell us something about the scholarly business you established writing individual park histories for the agency, then turning them into a compelling set of books.
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Rothman: The only job I could find when I got out of school was writing histories of national parks. The first one I did was Bandelier National Monument, a place that was close to my heart. I lived there for a year while I worked on the project. It was a wonderful experience and made me even more a devotee of national parks. When I started, the subject was wide open; there was little work of significance on national parks and much of what there was, was dated. So it fit my profile: a field that was wide open and that people did not think was important.
The history business I started came from my experience in the field. After Bandelier, I briefly worked for a company. As soon as we parted ways, I hung out my shingle: with a dissertation about national parks, and with the energy I bring to everything, it was easy to get moving. I have done probably fifteen park histories of various kinds. The trend toward turning them into books came from the park service in the mid-1990s. It became important to the agency to have standing in the academic community and park history seemed a good avenue. They asked me if I would serve as the pilot for turning contract history into scholarly books. I agreed and you know the rest. If I last long enough, there will be three more.
I think my main contribution to national park history has been to strip off the environmentalist blinders that we have inherited from scholars such as Al Runte. National parks have never been preservationist vehicles; they have always been political creations, products of the politics of Washington, D.C., and its interactions with the local level. Casting national park histories in this light has been my greatest contribution to the field.
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Associate Editor: Your work on Las Vegas has been intense, but it is not where you grew up so you must have acquired a passion for it while living and teaching there. Tell me something about your transition from Urbana-Champaign to Wichita to Las Vegas. The towns and universities are so different, yet you have managed to make Las Vegas "your" city. What combination of personal and professional forces was behind your decision to concentrate on Las Vegas? What about Las Vegas became so compelling to you that you devote a considerable amount of time to researching it? Why do you think Las Vegas is the preeminent twenty-first-century postmodern city? Will post-peak oil undercut its attractiveness and robust growth? If you were to rewrite Neon Metropolis (Routledge, 2002) today, would you change anything about your analysis of the city and its union-wage benefits to the immigrant working class?
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Rothman: What makes Las Vegas so compelling is that the future is coming together here. We have moved into a postindustrial world, and Las Vegas is one important representation of that world. I started studying Las Vegas when I was working on Devil's Bargains. Everything I saw in tourist towns was replicated in Las Vegas, almost always in higher relief and with greater clarity. I began to wonder why I was looking anywhere else.
I do think that Las Vegas holds the key to the future. It is so improbable, but when you look closely, it makes a lot of sense. Seventy percent of American jobs were in manufacturing in 1970; in 2000, the number had fallen to 28 percent. In a world where experience is currency and entertainment has replaced culture, Las Vegas has come to the fore.
If I were to rewrite Neon Metropolis, I would add a section about how Las Vegas fell prey to the devil's bargains I described in my earlier work. When I finished the book, that change had not yet happened, but now it has. Housing prices have been the key culprit, more than doubling since 2002. But this too has created opportunity, for a more dense and energy-efficient city. It has hurt the working class, but they continue to thrive in spite of the high cost of living. Union membership is up and the unions have more power. This is why it is such an interesting place to think about.
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Associate Editor: Why have you chosen columns and commentary for the Las Vegas Sun and other venues as one of your major forms of intellectual activity these days?
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Rothman: I have never believed in writing history for the other nine people who do what I do. History has tremendous significance in the postmodern world. The problem with journalists is that they operate in a vacuum. They have no knowledge of or appreciation for context. That's what historians bring to the table.
I have always felt that one of the most important obligations of a scholar is to exert whatever possible influence he or she can on public policy and the public. I write for newspapers because I believe that what I know—and by extension, what anyone reading this knows—enriches public debate at a time when that discourse is stunningly shallow. This makes me feel the obligation of being a public intellectual even more strongly than I ordinarily would. If we do not engage the public on its own terms—if we do not create the ears with which to hear us—then we abdicate an important part of our obligation as scholars.
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Editor and Associate Editor: You have been a tremendous force at Environmental History, and it is fair to say that you put the journal on the map during your decade-long tenure as editor. What do you perceive your legacy to have been as editor? What trends do you see emerging in its pages?
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Rothman: It is hard to think about a legacy, but as near as I can tell, my legacy has been to take the field from the founding generation to the successor generation. I am not that old, but I was there at the beginning—almost. But I was never one of the old boys, had not been through the 1960s. When the first Earth Day happened, I was in sixth grade! So I could see across the generations better than most; I was almost part of the second generation. That is what inspired me to foster the work of younger scholars. I like to think that I had a better appreciation of what they were trying to do than most.
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| Editor and Associate Editor: Thank you for reflecting on your career and sharing your insights about environmental history. |
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Interview conducted July 2006
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PUBLICATIONS OF HAL K. ROTHMAN | |
BOOKS (UNIVERSITY AND TRADE PRESS)
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| Blazing Heritage: Wildland Fire in the National Park System (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007).Editor, with Sara Dant Ewert, Encyclopedia of American National Parks (Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe, 2004).The New Urban Park: Golden Gate National Recreation Area and Civic Environmentalism (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2003).Editor, The Tourism of Culture, The Culture of Tourism (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2003).Neon Metropolis: How Las Vegas Started the Twenty-First Century (New York: Routledge, 2002).Editor, with Mike Davis, The Grit Beneath the Glitter: Tales from the Real Las Vegas (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2002).LBJ's Texas White House: Our Heart's Home (College Station: Texas A & M University Press, 2001).Saving the Planet: The American Response to the Environment in the Twentieth Century (New York: Ivan R. Dee and Co., 2000).Devil's Bargains: Tourism in the Twentieth Century American West (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1998).Editor, Reopening the American West (Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1998).On Rims and Ridges: The Los Alamos Area Since 1880 (Lincoln: Bison Books, 1997); paperback edition with new epilogue.Editor, with Char Miller, Out of the Woods: Essays in Environmental History (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1997).The Greening of a Nation? Environmentalism in the U.S. Since 1945 (New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1997)."I'll Never Fight Fire With My Bare Hands Again": Recollections of the First Forest Rangers of the Inland Northwest (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1994).America's National Monuments: The Politics of Preservation (Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, 1994); paperback edition of Preserving Different Pasts.On Rims and Ridges: The Los Alamos Area Since 1880 (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1992).Preserving Different Pasts: The American National Monuments (Urbana: The University of Illinois Press, 1989).
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BOOKS (FEDERAL REPORTS AND MONOGRAPHS)
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| To Ride Alone in a Forever Unpossessed Country: An Administrative History of Death Valley National Park (Death Valley, CA: National Park Service, 2005).A Test of Adversity and Strength: Wildland Fire in the National Park System (Washington, DC: National Park Service, 2005)."The Park That Makes its Own Weather:" An Administrative History of Golden Gate National Recreation Area (San Francisco: National Park Service, 2002).Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve Historic Resource Study (Omaha: National Park Service, 2000).Visions of Promise and the Limits of Place: Southeastern New Mexico and Trans-Pecos Texas (Santa Fe, NM: National Park Service 1999).Maintaining a Legacy: An Administrative History of George Rogers Clark National Historical Park (Omaha, NE: National Park Service, 1994).Managing the Sacred and the Secular: An Administrative History of Pipestone National Monument (Omaha, NE: National Park Service, 1992).Navajo National Monument: A Place and Its People (Santa Fe: National Park Service, 1991).Bandelier National Monument: An Administrative History (Santa Fe, NM: National Park Service, 1988).
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ARTICLES
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| "A Decade in the Saddle: Confessions of a Recalcitrant Editor," Environmental History 7 (January 2002)."The War for the Future: Mountain Bikes and Golden Gate National Recreation Area," George Wright Forum (Spring 2001)."What Has Work Become?" Journal of Labor Research (Summer 2000)."Stumbling Toward the Millennium: Tourism, Postindustrial Society, and the American West," California History (Fall 1998)."'Powder Aplenty for Native and Guest Alike': The Rise of Skiing in Steamboat Springs, Colorado," Montana: The Magazine of Western History (Winter 1998)."Selling the Meaning of Place: Tourism, Entrepreneurship, and Community Structure in the Twentieth-Century American West," Pacific Historical Review (November 1996)."Same Horse, New Wagon: Tradition and Assimilation Among the Jews of Wichita, 1865–1930," Great Plains Quarterly (Summer 1995)."Building Community: Wichita's Jews, 1860–1900," Kansas Quarterly (August 1994)."Ruins, Reputations, and Regulation: Byron Cummings, William B. Douglass, John Wetherill, and the Summer of 1909," Journal of the Southwest (Autumn 1993)."Partners in the Park: Navajo People and Navajo National Monument," Nevada Historical Society Quarterly (Fall 1993)."Supplying the Amenities of the Modern World: Convenience and Growth in Northeastern Arizona, 1935–1965," Cañon: The Journal of the Rocky Mountain American Studies Association (Fall 1993)."Historian v. Historian: Interpreting History in the Courtroom," The Public Historian (Spring 1993)."The End of Federal Hegemony: The Wilderness Act and Federal Land Management on the Pajarito Plateau, 1955–1980," Environmental History Review (Summer 1992)."Museums and Academics: Thoughts Toward an Ethic of Cooperation," Journal of American Culture (Summer 1989)."'A Regular Ding-Dong Fight': Agency Culture and Evolution in the Park Service-Forest Service Dispute, 1916–1937," Western Historical Quarterly (May 1989)."Industrial Values and Marginal Land: Cultural and Environmental Change on the Pajarito Plateau, 1880–1910," New Mexico Historical Review (April 1989)."Shaping the Nature of a Controversy: The Park Service, the Forest Service and the Cedar Breaks National Monument," Utah Historical Quarterly (Summer 1987)."Forged By One Man's Will: Frank Pinkley and the Administration of the Southwestern National Monuments, 1923–1932," The Public Historian (Spring 1986)."Second-Class Sites: The National Monuments and the Growth of the Park System," Environmental Review (Spring 1986)."Conflict on the Pajarito Plateau: Frank Pinkley, the Forest Service and the Bandelier National Monument Controversy, 1925–1932," Journal of Forest History (April 1985)."Astride a Cultural Faultline: Landscape and Preindustrial Ambivalence in Brockden Brown's Wieland," American Studies Exchange (Fall 1983).
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CHAPTERS IN BOOKS
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| "Cultural Tourism and a Changing Society," in Public History and the Environment, ed. Martin V. Melosi and Philip Scarpino (Malabar, FL: Krieger Press, 2004)."Environment, Government, and Academe: The Road to NEPA, EPA, and Earth Day," in Social Science Goes to Washington, ed. Hamilton Cravens (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2003)."The Shape of the City: Money and the Visual Face of Las Vegas," in Stripping Las Vegas: A Contextual Review of Casino Resort Architecture, ed. Karin Jaschke and Silke Oetsch (London: Verso, 2003)."Water and the Western Service Economy: A New Challenge," in Fluid Arguments: Five Centuries of Western Water Conflict, ed. Char Miller (Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 2001)."Shedding Skin & Shifting Shape: The Devil's Bargains of Tourism and their Impact," in Seeing and Being Seen, ed. David M. Wrobel (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2001)."Seeing the Forest Not for the Trees: the Future of Southwestern Forests in Retrospect," in Forests Under Fire: A Century of Ecosystem Mismanagement in the Southwest, ed. Christopher J. Huggard and Arthur R. Gómez (Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 2001)."Las Vegas and the Future of Water in the West," in Water in the West, ed. Char Miller (Corvallis: Oregon State University Press, 2000)."The History of National Parks and Economic Development," in National Parks and Rural Development, ed. Gary Machlis and Donald Field (Washington, DC: Island Press, 2000)."Tourism as Colonial Economy: The Distribution of Economic Power and the Significance of Place in Western Tourism," in Power and Place in the North American West, ed. John Findlay and Richard White (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1999)."Understanding the Real Las Vegas: Capital and Socio-Economic Structure in a Post-Industrial Town," in Casino Management for the 90's, ed. Kathryn Hashimoto, Sheryl Fried Kline, and George G. French, 2nd ed., (Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt Publishing, 1998)."Pokey's Paradox: Tourism and Transformation on the Western Navajo Reservation," in Reopening the American West, ed. Hal Rothman (Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1998)."'A Regular Ding-Dong Fight:' Agency Culture and Evolution in the NPS-USFS Dispute, 1916–1937," in American Forests: Nature, Politics, and Culture, ed. Char Miller (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1997).
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SELECTED PUBLICATIONS AND CREATIVE WORKS
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| "The Consequences of Growth in the Las Vegas Valley," Las Vegas Sun, eight-part series, October 9–16, 2005."High-Rise Spells the End of the Dream," Las Vegas Review-Journal, September 25, 2005."Del Webb's Story Forecast the Valley's Future," Las Vegas Business Press, September 23, 2005."High-Rise Spells the End of the Dream," Las Vegas Business Press, September 15, 2005."Stardust Site is Prime Location for Redevelopment," Las Vegas Business Press, September 1, 2005."The Old Neighborhoods are Gone Forever," Las Vegas Business Press, August 15, 2005."Creativity Las Vegas Style," Las Vegas Business Press, August 1, 2005."The NFL is the Catch in a City of Excess," Las Vegas Business Press, June 20, 2005."Economic Diversification's Here with an Aging Face," Las Vegas Business Press, July 15, 2005."Gaming the Industry: Thoughts on the Local Economy," Las Vegas Business Press, June 6, 2005."It's Time for Business to Step Up and Give," Las Vegas Business Press, April 25, 2005.ABC News Tonight, with Peter Jennings, November 10, 2004, "MGM's New City."2004- Board of County Commissioners, Clark County, Growth Management Task Force.CNN, interview by Jeff Greenfield, "Nevada as Swing State," aired four times between October 1 and 15, 2004.CNN, Newsnight with Aaron Brown, October 1, 2004.Consultant and featured speaker, Insignia Films, 2-hour Las Vegas documentary for The American Experience.ABC Evening News, July 15, 2004. 2 segments. Issues covered included water and growth, and fire management.2004- Host, Our Metropolis, KUNV 91.5-FM. Issues and Affairs Public Radio discussion show.Guest, Nevada Week in Review, with Mitch Fox, Channel 10, Las Vegas, February 13, 2004.Guest, Face to Face, with Jon Ralston. Las Vegas One, February 2, 2004.Featured in George Will's syndicated column, "The Capital of Desire," January 15, 2004."In Las Vegas, 'I Do' is short for 'I Do Anything I Want," Los Angeles Times, January 6, 2004.National Public Radio, The Savvy Traveler, October 10, 2003, featured guest."The Failure of Legislature," KNPR, June 30, 2003."The Saddest Lady on the Strip," Las Vegas Mercury, May 1, 2003."Nevada Must End Public Poverty," Las Vegas Mercury, January 23, 2003."Western Cities Hung Out to Dry," Los Angeles Times, Opinion-Editorial page, January 19, 2003."One Fiesty Town," Steamboat Magazine, Winter 2003."On the Rebound," Las Vegas Mercury, September 5–12, 2002."To Burn or Not to Burn," Las Vegas Mercury, June 6–13, 2002, 8."Old Money," Las Vegas Mercury, March 14, 2002."Indict the DOE," Las Vegas Mercury, Dec 5–12, 2001, 8."Seeking America's Approval," Las Vegas Mercury, July 27-August 2, 2001, 10–11, 16–17."The Money and The Power and the Rest of Us," Las Vegas Review-Journal April 22, 2001, 2D."Urban Oasis? Why Desert Cities Won't Run Out of Water and Why They Shouldn't" Urban Ecology, Spring 2001."Las Vegas' Secret: Freedom to Choose," Las Vegas Mercury, February 23, 2001."Kicked to the Curb," Las Vegas Mercury, January 6, 2001."Dateline Las Vegas: When Out-of-Towners Write About Las Vegas, They Usually Miss the Story," Las Vegas CityLife, September 14, 2000."Escaping the Backyard," Las Vegas CityLife, July 20, 2000."Mother Nature Takes Technology to the Woodshed," IntellectualCapitol.com, June 8, 2000."Growth Struggles Carry Overtones of Class Warfare," High Country News syndicated series, Writers on the Range, May 2000."After the Earth Day Lovefests," Providence Journal, May 3, 2000."Las Vegas More of a Gamble after the Mirage Resorts Sale," Bridge News Service, syndicated series, March 2000."Why Do We Need the Rural West?" High Country News syndicated series, Writers on the Range, March 2000."The First City of the Twenty-First Century," UNLV Libraries Annual Report, 1999."Vegas Does New York Better Than New York," High Country News syndicated series, Writers on the Range, November 1999."Tourism is a Devil's Bargain," Denver Post Opinion-Editorial Page, June 5, 1999; Idaho Statesman, June 7, 1999; Jackson Hole Guide, June 26, 1999."The Antiquities Act and the National Monuments: A Progressive Conservation Legacy," CRM 22 4 (April 1999)"Talking History," with Bryan LeBeau, National Public Radio, January 26, 1999."The Fraud of Ecotourism," The Outdoor Network, December 1998."From Pariah To Paradigm: Deviance Becomes the Mainstream in Post-Modern Las Vegas," Primis, (McGraw-Hill Data Base, 1998).Historical consultant and continuity narrator, "Las Vegas," MPH Entertainment, premiered on A&E Network, December 1–2, 1996.Associate editor, Charles Phillips and Alan Axelrod, eds., Encyclopedia of the American West, V 1–4 (New York: Simon and Schuster Macmillan, 1996).Introduction, Scott T. Smith, Nevada's Magnificent Wilderness (Englewood, CO: Westcliffe Publishers, 1996).Introduction, Donald J. Pisani, The Limits of Public Policy: Essays on Natural Resources in the American West, 1850–1920 (University Press of Kansas, 1996)."Environmental History in the American West," OAH Magazine of History, Fall, 1994."Environmental History and Local History," History News, November-December 1993."Doing Administrative Histories," CRM, January 1993.Scriptwriter, director, and executive producer, Communities Within a Community (a one-hour documentary history of the ethnic, racial, and religious minorities of Wichita, Kansas), debuted August 1992."Structural and Institutional Discrimination by the State of New Mexico Against the Navajo Nation: An Historical View," in support of expert witness testimony in Navajo Nation and Watchman et al. v. New Mexico, CIV 86–0576 M, U.S. District Court, District of New Mexico, September 10, 1990."Environmentalism Challenges American Values," Op-Ed Page feature article, Wichita Eagle, May 13, 1990."The History of the Medical Staff at St. Francis Regional Medical Center," St. Francis Regional Medical Center, Wichita, Kansas, 1990.A Tradition of Caring, 1889–1989: The Centennial History of St. Francis Regional Medical Center (Wichita: St. Francis Regional Medical Center, 1988)."The First Coal-Gas Plant in Wichita: 132 N. Waco," Executive Manor Inc., Kansas City, Kansas, 1988.With John C. Shideler, Pioneering Spirit: The Sisters of Providence in Alaska (Anchorage: Providence Hospital, 1987)."Report on the George Washington Fuller Collection, Spokane Public Library," Spokane Public Library, Spokane, Washington, 1987.
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BOOK REVIEWS AND REVIEW ESSAYS
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| Frigid Embrace: Politics, Economics, and Environment in Alaska, by Stephen Haycox, Oregon Historical Quarterly 104 (Winter 2003): 598.Something New Under the Sun: An Environmental History of the Twentieth-Century World, by John McNeill, Agricultural History 76 (Winter 2002): 108–09.Review Essay, "Conceptualizing the Real: Environmental History and American Studies," American Quarterly 54 (September 2002): 485–97.Review Essay, "The State of the Natural Resources Literature," Natural Resources Law Journal, 42 (Winter 2002): 211–22.Review Essay, "Las Vegas and the American Psyche, Past and Present," Pacific Historical Review 70 (November 2001): 627–40.Year of the Fires: The Story of the Great Fires of 1910," American Scientist 89 (November-December 2001): 570.Review Essay, "Institutional Memory and Management Needs: History in the Park Service's Northwest," The Public Historian 23 (Spring 2001): 87–92.Review Essay, The Atomic West, ed. Bruce Hevly and John Findlay, The American Historical Review (April 2001): 5595–97.The Presidio: From Army Post to National Park, by Lisa Benton, Journal of the West (Spring 2000).The Fruits of Natural Advantage: Making the Industrial Countryside in California, by Steven Stoll, Journal of American History (March 2000).Wilderness by Design: Landscape Architecture and the National Park Service, by Ethan Carr, Western Historical Quarterly (Summer 1999).Valley of Shining Stone: The Story of Abiquiu, by Lesley Poling-Kempes, Pacific Historical Review (February 1999).Bandelier: The Life and Adventures of Adolf Bandelier, American Archaeologist and Scientist, by Charles H. Lange and Carroll Riley, Journal of the West (October 1998).Digging for Dollars: American Archaeology and the New Deal, by Paul Fagette, Pacific Historical Review (July 1998).A Place Called Grand Canyon: Contested Geographies, by Barbara J. Morehouse, Journal of American History (June 1998).The Minds of the West: Ethnocultural Evolution in the Rural Middle West, 1830–1917, by Jon Gjerde, Southwestern Historical Quarterly (April 1998).Riches and Regrets: Betting on Gambling in Two Colorado Mountain Towns, by Patricia A. Stokowski, Pacific Historical Review (February 1998).The Oxford History of the American West, ed. Clyde A. Milner II, Carol O'Connor, and Martha A. Sandweiss, New Mexico Historical Review (April 1997).The Quest for the Golden Circle: The Four Corners and the Metropolitan West, 1945–1970, by Arthur R. Gómez, Pacific Historical Review (November 1996).The Way to the West: Essays on the Central Plains, by Elliott West, Southwestern Historical Quarterly (October 1996).A History of the Jews in New Mexico, by Henry Tobias, Journal of the West (April 1995).Senator Alan Bible and the Politics of the New West, by Gary Elliott, Journal of American History (April 1995).White Sands: The History of a National Monument, by Dietmar Schneider-Hector, Pacific Historical Review (November 1994).Ogllala: Water for a Dry Land, by John Opie, Nebraska History (Fall 1994).Great Lakes Lumber on the Great Plains: The Laird, Norton Lumber Company in South Dakota, by John N. Vogel, Pacific Historical Review (August 1994)."Sky's the Limit? Technology and the American West," review essay of Under Western Skies: Nature and History in the American West, by Donald Worster, and Under Open Skies: Rethinking America's Western Past, ed. William J. Cronon, George Miles, and Jay Gitlin, Technology and Culture, (April 1994)."A Past with a Purpose: Administrative Histories and the National Park Service," review essay of A Green Shrouded Miracle: The Administrative History of Cuyahoga Valley National Recreation Area, Ohio, by Ron Cockrell; Casa Grande Ruins National Monument, Arizona: A Centennial History of the First Prehistoric Reserve 1892–1992, by A. Berle Clemensen; Gila Cliff Dwellings National Monument: An Administrative History, by Peter Russell; and Hubbell Trading Post National Historic Site: An Administrative History, by Albert Manchester and Ann Manchester, The Public Historian (Winter 1994).Wild by Law, Florentine Films, Environmental History Review (Summer 1993).Review essay of The Challenge of the Big Trees: A Resource History of Sequoia and King's Canyon National Parks, by Larry Dilsaver and William C. Tweed, and The Tourist in Yosemite, by Sanford Demars, Journal of Arizona History (Spring 1993).Review Essay of Population Matters: People, Resources, Environment, and Immigration, by Julian L. Simon, Environmental History Review (Winter 1992)."Public History in the Southwest," review essay of In the Land of the Frozen Fires: A History of Occupation in El Malpais Country, by Neil Mangum; History of Fort Davis, Texas, by Robert Wooster; Cooke's Peak-Pasaron Por Aqui: A Focus on United States History in Southwestern New Mexico, by Donald H. Couchman; and A Forgotten Kingdom: The Spanish Frontier in Colorado and New Mexico, 1540–1821, by Frederic J. Athearn, The Public Historian (Winter 1992).Public Lands, Public Heritage: The National Forest Idea, by Alfred Runte, with guest essay by Harold K. Steen, Journal of Forestry (January-February 1992).A Legacy of Change: Historic Human Impact on Vegetation of the Arizona Borderlands, by Conrad J. Bahre, Environmental History Review, (Winter 1991).Yosemite: The Embattled Wilderness, by Alfred Runte, Environmental History Review (Fall 1991).Adventures in Conservation with Franklin Roosevelt, by Irving Brandt, New Mexico Historical Review (May 1991).Review Essay of Reforming the Forest Service, by Randal O'Toole, and Timber and the Forest Service, by David Clary, Environmental History Review (Summer 1990).Opportunity and Challenge: The Story of BLM, by James Muhn and Hanson R. Stuart, Western Historical Quarterly (May 1990).Cultures in Conflict: Encounters Between European and Non-European Cultures, 1492–1800, by Urs Bitterli, The Historian (November 1989).The Rise of Multiple-Use Management in the Intermountain West: A History of Region 4 of the Forest Service, by Thomas G. Alexander, Western Historical Quarterly (November 1988).National Parks: The American Experience, by Alfred Runte, 2nd rev. ed., Journal of Arizona History (Winter 1988).Interpretive Views: Interpretation and the Park Service, Gary Machlis, ed., The Public Historian (January 1988).Grisdale: The Last of the Logging Towns, by Dave James, Columbia: The Washington Magazine of History (September 1986).America's National Parks and Their Keepers, by Ronald Foresta, The Journal of the American West (November 1986).Trains of Discovery: Western Railroads and the National Parks, by Alfred Runte, Environmental Review (Spring 1985).The Common Landscape of North America, 1580–1845, by John Stilgoe, The Southwestern Historical Quarterly (Summer 1984).
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