| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 112.2

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| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 112.2 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Canada and the United States

Charles C. Bolton. The Hardest Deal of All: The Battle over School Integration in Mississippi, 1870–1980. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi. 2005. Pp. xxii, 278. $45.00.

The centerpiece of the conflict over the modern struggle for racial equality was the school, as Charles C. Bolton persuasively argues in this empirical tour de force. Involving state resources, the prospect of social mixing, and the threat of lost racial privilege, the integration debate could not help but ignite intense passions. For whites, the axiomatic principle was the maintenance of racial separation—at almost any cost. For blacks, the issue was less clear. Would separate but equal serve the interests of African Americans in a society resolutely committed to white supremacy? Could integration succeed when whites devised countless subterfuges to make a mockery out of equality? Did landmark court decisions mean very much when they lacked federal enforcement?

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