| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 112.1

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| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 112.1 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Canada and the United States

Arleen Marcia Tuchman. Science Has No Sex: The Life of Marie Zakrzewska, M.D. (Studies in Social Medicine.) Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. 2006. Pp. xiii, 336. $34.95.

This thoughtful, informed, and highly readable biography describes an important figure in U.S. women's history and the history of medicine. Marie Elizabeth Zakrzewska (1829–1902) emigrated to the United States in 1853, having practiced as an accredited hospital midwife in her home city of Berlin, Germany. She sough the M.D.—available to women at this time only in the United States—and a clinical practice. But despite the degree's theoretical availability, few medical schools accepted women. Zakrzewska's personal desire for opportunities identical to men's quickly became a larger quest for female equality. Emily and Elizabeth Blackwell, practicing physicians, helped her enter the Cleveland Medical College. After graduation in 1856, she worked in the Blackwells' New York Infirmary for Women and Children. Moving to Boston in 1859, she practiced first at the New England Female College and then, in 1862, at the New England Hospital for Women and Children—only the third woman-run hospital in the country—where she was both chief physician and chief administrator for many years. By the time she retired, in 1899, the medical profession had changed so much that her mid-century radical ideas seemed deeply conservative.

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