| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 112.1

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| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 112.1 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Canada and the United States

Colin G. Calloway. The Scratch of a Pen: 1763 and the Transformation of North America. (Pivotal Moments in American History.) New York: Oxford University Press. 2006. Pp. xvii, 219. $26.00.
It is notorious that the roots of new wars often lie in the treaties that ended their predecessors. The Peace of Paris of February 1763, which terminated the conflict that became known in Europe as the Seven Years' War, and in North America as the French and Indian War, was no exception to this rule. Indeed, official news of the treaty that confirmed Britain's overwhelming victory over France had barely crossed the Atlantic before its consequences sparked fresh strife and upheaval. By the time the year was over, new British policies for America had been implemented and new attitudes formed: together, they would help to instigate events leading to another, and very different, Peace of Paris twenty years later—one with equally profound ramifications for North America and its diverse peoples.	1
The connection between the events of 1763 and Britain's recognition of American independence in 1783 is well known, but as Colin G. Calloway emphasizes, "the path to revolution was only one of many stories unfolding that year" (p. 165). While the long-term effects of the Peace are acknowledged in both the introduction and epilogue of this fine book, Calloway is chiefly concerned with the way in which it affected North America's "human geography"—the lives of its British, French, Spanish, Indian, and enslaved African inhabitants.	. . .

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