| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 111.5

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| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 111.5 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Oceania and the Pacific Islands

Pat Jalland. Changing Ways of Death in Twentieth-Century Australia: War, Medicine and the Funeral Business. Sydney: University of New South Wales Press. 2006. Pp. viii, 409. $39.95.
By the late twentieth century, the most common "way of death" in Australia had become cremation. This was in contrast to the influence of Christian faith on the rituals associated with death and the practices of mourning during the previous century. Indeed, as Pat Jalland argues in this insightful and wide-ranging study, one of the most profound cultural transformations underpinning modern Australia concerns the significant shift in attitudes toward dying and bereavement, and how these have been expressed within the private circle of the family as well as in the wider public sphere.	1
Jalland is well placed to comment: in Australian Ways of Death: A Social and Cultural History, 1840–1918 (2002), she examined in rich documentary detail the historical specificities associated with dying and loss in Australia's immigrant colonies. Although understandings of death were transplanted from Britain and Ireland, Jalland argued that the everyday experiences in the relatively isolated and highly masculine settler communities resulted in a distinctive and individualized Australian approach to death. Here Jalland extends this argument into the twentieth century, where evolving influences—from the impact of non-British immigration to the "Americanization" of the funeral business—have shaped Australian responses to dying, and to such associated issues as medical intervention and the psychological management of grief.	. . .

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