| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 111.3

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| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 111.3 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Comparative/World

Carla Gardina Pestana. The English Atlantic in the Age of Revolution, 1640–1661. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. 2004. Pp. xi, 342. $49.95.

In her thorough study, Carla Gardina Pestana makes weighty points that this reviewer happily endorses. By 1660, there was an anglophone empire, and it was imperial-political, and it was English. It was Atlantic in scope, but Ireland and Scotland were still peripheral to it. Charles I's empire of 1640 consisted of numerous colonial settlements, varied (and developed) enough to demonstrate in American settings the diversities and tensions that would convulse the old country over the next twenty years. Pestana does not directly address revisionist interpretations of the English "troubles," but she judges revisionism to be well past its prime and notes that it is unable to accommodate, far less explain, the profound effects on the empire of civil war, regicide, republic, and protectorate. These seismic shifts, felt in all colonies, everywhere altered structures of religion, politics, and trade—and population. A conservative restoration of monarchy might have been attempted in England but was pointless in America, where the settlement of 1660 was not a turning point. Charles II's imperial inheritance came not from his martyred father or England's monarchical past but was delivered to him by the transforming power of a revolutionary age.

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