| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 111.1

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| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 111.1 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Canada and the United States

S. Scott Rohrer. Hope's Promise: Religion and Acculturation in the Southern Backcountry. (Religion and American Culture.) Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press. 2005. Pp. xv, 266. $42.50.
American historians are beginning to pay closer attention to one of the most interesting groups of non-English settlers in British North America. The Brüdergemeine, commonly called the Moravian Church, was a transatlantic religious organization that established remarkably sophisticated communities in Pennsylvania and North Carolina. S. Scott Rohrer's book provides the first scholarly study of Moravian farming communities (Landgemeinen) in North Carolina.	1
The Moravian estate of Wachovia in North Carolina consisted of three farming congregations, two villages, and the central town of Salem. Rohrer analyzes the differences between the Landgemeinen of Hope, Friedberg, and Friedland and the highly structured villages of Bethbara, Bethania, and Salem, which have been studied more by historians. Rohrer shows that each of the farming communities was structured differently, reflecting differing patterns in Europe. Unlike Salem, the design of the farming communities was not determined by the church leadership in Germany. Instead, the local leadership established them according to the needs and interests of the residents. In his analysis of Moravian wills, Rohrer also shows that there were different patterns of inheritance that reflected different attitudes in Germany and England. Rohrer offers convincing evidence that the farming communities adopted English as a primary language more quickly than the settlement congregations. This is not surprising, since the Landgemeinen were used by the Moravians as a buffer zone between the outsiders (Fremden) and the residents of the settlements. Thus the Landgemeinen had more direct contact with outsiders, especially in commerce.	. . .

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