| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 111.1

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| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 111.1 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Canada and the United States

Roger Daniels. Guarding the Golden Door: American Immigration Policy and Immigrants Since 1882. New York: Hill and Wang. 2004. Pp. xii, 328. $30.00.

In this study, Roger Daniels provides a valuable survey of U.S. immigration policy since the nation's founding. Drawing on a range of secondary sources, published government documents, and, for the contemporary period, newspapers, magazines, census data, and online material, Daniels shows that until the late nineteenth century the U.S. government placed few if any restrictions on immigration. The passage of Chinese exclusion in 1882, however, ushered in a new era of increasing restrictions and exclusions, exemplified most notably by the Immigration Act of 1924. By the time this era came to a close in 1943 with the repeal of Chinese exclusion, a range of groups were either severely and numerically restricted from migrating to the United States (e.g. southern and eastern Europeans and Filipinos) or barred outright (e.g. virtually all other Asians, contract laborers, radicals, illiterates, and paupers). Since 1943, immigration legislation, especially in 1952 and 1965, has relaxed or eliminated many of these restrictions and exclusions. In recent years, Daniels argues, despite moments of growing nativism, numerous legislative attempts to "get tough" on immigration, and the attacks of September 11, 2001, immigrants continue to come to the United States in large numbers, and calls for severe restriction have thus far gone unheeded.

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