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Book Review
Comparative/World
| Helen M. Rozwadowski. Fathoming the Ocean: The Discovery and Exploration of the Deep Sea. Cambridge: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2005. Pp. xii, 276. $25.95.
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| According to Helen M. Rozwadowski, profound mid-nineteenth century cultural and technological changes transformed the sea from an obstacle to be crossed, feared, or simply avoided into a familiar, picturesque space to be explored and possessed. The Victorian age that made Moby Dick (1851) and 20,000 Leagues under the Sea (1870) possible also witnessed the "discovery" and exploration of the deep sea. Nineteenth-century imperialism, telegraphy, whaling, and yachting were largely responsible for these developments. In the Anglo-American Victorian imagination, the deep sea became a new frontier: virgin territory to be penetrated or unveiled. But Rozwadowski is not really interested in exploring the gendered and colonial dimensions of the Victorian imaginings of the sea. This is a history of the technological (sounding and dredging devices, steam engines), economic (shipping, submarine telegraphy), social (yachting), and political (state patronage) forces that allowed a handful of nineteenth-century Anglo-American scientists to reach the bottom of the sea. One should not underestimate the challenges these scientists faced, for it turned out that the bottom was hundreds of miles deep. Was there anything worth studying at such depths? Rozwadowski offers a fascinating account of how patrons and scientists answered this question. |
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