| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 109.3

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| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 109.3 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Canada and the United States

Virginia Scharff. Twenty Thousand Roads: Women, Movement, and the West. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. 2003. Pp. xi, 239. Cloth $49.95, paper $19.95.
In this book, Virginia Scharff chooses the freedom to move about unhindered as the defining ideograph of the American psyche. She traces the many roads of six women: Sacajawea, Susan McGoffin, Grace Raymond Hebard, Fabiola Cabeza de Baca, Jo Ann Robinson, and Pamela Des Barres. Some are well known to readers; others Scharff rescues from historical anonymity.	1
The restless nature of the American has been remarked many times. We are familiar with stories of Daniel Boone, who would not live close to the smoke in a neighbor's cabin, and of runaways Benjamin Franklin and Huck Finn. Even Uncle Tom's Cabin (1852) contains the story of Eliza, the fugitive, crossing the ice-filled river ahead of Simon Legree. But for the most part, journeys that belong particularly to women have passed with little notice save as they were drawn into the aggregate of wagon trains on the Overland Trail.	2
Scharff has written before about western women on the move, most notably in Taking the Wheel: Women and the Coming of the Motor Age (1991). In her new book, the first of the traveling women discussed is Sacajawea, that known-and-unknown guide who took part in the famous Lewis and Clark expedition. Scharff is an elegant stylist who writes that Clark referred to Sacajawea only as Toussaint Charbonneau's "Snake Indian wife." "Declining to utter Sacagawea's name, he blurred her trail as surely as if he'd thrown a bucketful of sand across her moccasin tracks" (p. 21).	. . .

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