| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 109.3

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| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 109.3 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Canada and the United States

John Patrick Daly. When Slavery was Called Freedom: Evangelicalism, Proslavery, and the Causes of the Civil War. (Religion in the South.) Lexington: University Press of Kentucky. 2002. Pp. 207. $45.00.

Just how different were the antebellum North and South? Historians have debated this question for years. In a brief book with an intriguing title, John Patrick Daly reconsiders the culture of southern evangelicalism before the Civil War, finding therein evidence for secession not in difference but in similarity. The key to Daly's thesis may be found in the three-page epilogue in which the author astutely observes that, since 1975, the South "has achieved amazing political and cultural influence that has obliterated its regional isolation" (p. 156). Perhaps historians have overstated nineteenth-century regional difference, and it is time for the "two civilizations" historians such as Eugene Genovese and Raimondo Luraghi to concede defeat. Daly demonstrates that not only did southern evangelicals call slavery freedom, as the oxymoronic title of his book proclaims, but they also understood the institution to be, pace Louis Hartz, "mere slavery." As Daly reads them, southern evangelicals' proslavery sermons and declarations reveal just how similar Americans were south and north of the Mason and Dixon line. They slaughtered each other by the tens of thousands between 1861 and 1865, because they failed to recognize their common values.

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