| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 109.2

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| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 109.2 | The History Cooperative

Dayton McCarthy. The Once and Future Army: A History of the Citizen Military Forces 1947–1974. (Australian Army History Series.) New York: Oxford University Press. 2003. Pp. xiv, 303. $35.00.
Australians have always been ambivalent about war. They like to regard themselves as peace loving, yet they have rushed off to more wars than most people over the last century or so, and most of the wars have been distant ones, both geographically and in terms of any pressing national interests that Australia might have had at stake. The current war in Iraq is just the latest example of an expeditionary force mentality that has governed Australian defense thinking ever since the Australian colonies sent troops to the Sudan in the 1880s.	1
This is curious behavior for a society whose relative isolation makes it one of the least likely to be attacked. Yet Australia's small population and distance from Britain has imbued its citizens with a historic fear of invasion, whether by the Russians, the French, the Japanese, the Chinese, or the Indonesians. Only the Japanese invasion came anywhere near to eventuating, and even they were daunted in 1942, despite enjoying naval supremacy of the Pacific, by the size of the Australian continent and its distance from Japan. Despite this, the experience of World War II only confirmed Australia's historic fear.	. . .

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