| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 108.1

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| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 108.1 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Canada and the United States

Lucy Eldersveld Murphy. A Gathering of Rivers: Indians, Métis, and Mining in the Western Great Lakes, 1737–1832. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. 2000. Pp. xviii, 233. $47.50.

Lucy Eldersveld Murphy presents the economic and cultural history of a region rather than the story of one community or Native American tribe. She focuses on the area bounded by the Fox, Wisconsin, Mississippi, and Rock rivers and inhabited by the Winnebago, Mesquakie, and Sauk Indians. Murphy compares midwestern history to that of the Spanish borderlands to highlight two paths cultural interaction can take: integration or segregation. She traces how one evolved to the other when Americans invaded the region following the War of 1812. 1

Part one centers on the spirit of accommodation that grew between Native Americans, the French, and métis through the fur trade. Murphy defines accommodation as "the creation of lasting, workable, multiracial relations or communities" (p. 11). She begins by describing the seasonal nature of life in Indian villages and then goes on to detail the formation of separate Creole communities—she defines Creoles as "all of the residents who participated in this culture regardless of race" (p. 47). The Creole communities were controlled by a few elite families who made both retainers and slaves of the less fortunate—white, Indian, or métis. A middling class of farmers and traders rounded out the population. The Indians produced the furs, and the Creoles served as middlemen between them and European suppliers of goods. . . .

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