| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 108.1

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| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 108.1 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Canada and the United States

James F. Brooks. Captives and Cousins: Slavery, Kinship, and Community in the Southwest Borderlands. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, for the Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture, Williamsburg, Va. 2002. Pp. 419. Cloth $55.00, paper $22.50.

In this impressive study of the Southwest Borderlands over four centuries, James F. Brooks describes the emergence of a distinct region inhabited by peoples of diverse cultural traditions but linked by a political economy grounded in the captivity of women and children. Even before the arrival of the Spanish in the sixteenth century, he maintains, Native peoples constructed an intricate web of kinship and bondage through raids. Captive women provided exogamous mates, while children added to the population. Both represented a bond between their captive and natal societies that warfare underscored rather than countered. Some captives became adopted tribal members and/or wives, while others remained slaves, but the status of slaves was always subject to change and rarely extended to descendants. Trade fairs brought peoples together to exchange a variety of goods, but the barter of captives gave these events special meaning. Captives enhanced the honor and prestige, as well as the wealth, of the warriors who took them and challenged the peoples from whom they had been taken to retaliate. In a generalization that I do not think applied equally to all peoples in the Southwest, Brooks suggests that captivity defined a gender relationship of male dominance and female dependency, but this relationship clearly resonated with Iberian invaders. . . .

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