| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 107.5

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| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 107.5 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Canada and the United States

Justus D. Doenecke. Storm on the Horizon: The Challenge to American Intervention, 1939–1941. Lanham, Md.: Rowman and Littlefield. 2000. Pp. xix, 551. $39.95.

The years 1939 to 1941 comprised one of the most dangerous, unsettled periods in history. Until the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, most Americans fervently hoped to avoid war. For years, historians labeled the outspoken opponents of Franklin D. Roose-velt's foreign policy "isolationists." Justus D. Doenecke applies the more accurate term "anti-interventionist" in his detailed study of those who criticized Roosevelt's gradually expanding support for the Allies. 1

Doenecke has written extensively about anti-interventionists, and this volume represents the culmination of some twenty-five years of research. Other scholars, notably Manfred Jonas and Wayne S. Cole, have previously focused more on the political expressions of anti-interventionist thought. Building on that foundation, Doenecke argues that "to best understand anti-interventionism during the 1939–1941 period, one should focus on far more than geographic regions, socioeconomic factors, ethnic groups, or even party politics" (p. xi). Doenecke seeks to understand the ideological influences and themes of anti-interventionists. 2

Moving chronologically from the German invasion of Poland in 1939 to Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, Doenecke methodically appraises the views of prominent anti-interventionists. He demonstrates conclusively that substantive differences of opinion existed among them and asserts that this diversity actually helped Roosevelt outmaneuver the anti-interventionists. . . .

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