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Book Review

Canada and the United States

Philip Jenkins. The Cold War at Home: The Red Scare in Pennsylvania, 1945–1960. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. 1999. Pp. xiv, 271. Cloth $49.95, paper $18.95.

Philip Jenkins rejects the view that "places responsibility for the postwar Red Scare on those conservatives, mainly Republicans, who used the movement as a flank attack on New Deal policies" and rejects as well "undue emphasis on the role of the federal government"(p. 3). Instead, he argues that Pennsylvania anticommunism reflected a "broad bipartisan consensus" that included New Deal Democrats, moderate Republicans, the American Federation of Labor (AFL) and the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) unionists, Southern and Eastern European ethnics, veterans, and working-class Catholics as well as conservative Republicans (p. 2). He points to such leading anticommunists as Democratic Judge Michael Musmanno, who defended Sacco and Vanzetti and opposed the employers' Coal and Iron Police; George Earle, who in 1934 was the first Democrat to win the governorship since 1891 and led a state-level little New Deal; and "enlightened reformist" Republican Governor and Senator James Duff, who combined strident anticommunism with public rejection of Joseph McCarthy (p. 1). . . .

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