| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 105.4

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| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 105.4 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Canada and the United States

James D. Drake. King Philip's War: Civil War in New England, 1675–1676. (Native Americans of the Northeast: Culture, History, and the Contemporary.) Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press. 1999. Pp. vii, 257. Cloth $50.00, paper $16.95.

The conflict usually called "King Philip's War" is named after the Pokanoket chief who led a loose coalition of Native Americans against the New England colonists in the mid-1670s. The war was catastrophic for the region's Indians, even for those who remained neutral during the hostilities or who fought on the English side. Death, deportation, and flight reduced southern New England's Native population by at least one half, to fewer than nine thousand persons; moreover, the Puritans consolidated their victory by increasing their political, legal, economic, and religious controls over the Indians who remained in the area. 1

James D. Drake's main thesis is that the conflict was a civil war because "the natives and the colonists . . . had enough in common to form their own unique society" (p. 2). They lived in geographical proximity to one another, interacted regularly in diplomatic, economic, legal, and missionary exchanges, and shared a value system that stressed the mutual obligations of rulers and subjects. For some Native groups more than others, this "fragile" and "delicate" society was disintegrating as the time of the war neared. Generally, "the decision to join or fight against Philip's forces hinged largely upon the extent to which an individual or group . . . felt marginalized by the colonial political structure" (p. 77). . . .

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