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Book Review
Canada and the United States
Armstrong Starkey. European and Native American Warfare, 16751815. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. 1998. Pp. viii, 208. $39.95.
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In his preface to this monograph, Armstrong Starkey notes that "European and Native American warfare is well travelled ground in North American historiography" (p. vii). That being the case, the reader of this account of early frontier conflicts must immediately ask, what new insights are here? The value of Starkey's work lies primarily in his lucid synthesis of a varied body of secondary literature. He also offers a fresh perspective on an old question. Through a careful assessment of recent scholarship undergirded by some primary source citations, Starkey contends that Native Americans by 1665 had undergone a military "revolution that for 140 years gave them a tactical advantage over their more numerous and wealthier opponents." That statement may well surprise the reader familiar with the customary accounting of Native American vulnerabilities: susceptibility to infectious diseases of European origin, technological inferiority, inability to produce significant economic surpluses combined with dependency on European trade, and perennial inability to unite in common opposition to the invader. Starkey discounts none of those factors. He argues, however, that success in frontier battle came to the invaders only through "striking the right balance between their military traditions and the Indian way of war" (p. viii). |
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