| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 105.1

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| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 105.1 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Canada and the United States

Greg Marquis. In Armageddon's Shadow: The Civil War and Canada's Maritime Provinces. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press, in association with the Gorsebrook Research Institute for Atlantic Canada Studies, Saint Mary's University, Halifax. 1998. Pp. xx, 389. $34.95.

Since it was published in 1960, Canada and the United States: The Civil War Years by Robin W. Winks has been the most comprehensive survey of relations between these two evolving North American nations in the 1860s. Greg Marquis takes a second look at one region of British North America: the Maritime colonies of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island. While most of Winks's conclusions seem to have stood the test of time, Marquis's Maritime focus offers a useful new angle of vision on the Civil War and provides a timely reminder that it was an event of North American significance that helped to create not one nation but two, both with regions more or less alienated from dominant industrializing centers. 1

Although officially neutral British possessions, the Maritime colonies had longstanding ties with the United States that brought the Civil War close to home. Economic opportunities thrown open by the conflict and geographical propinquity further served to draw the region into the conflict. During the war, the Maritime ports transhipped cargoes destined for both sides and became the destination for refugees, crimps, spies, and skedaddlers whose presence was a source of ongoing speculation, gossip, and diplomatic posturing. Halifax in particular, Marquis reveals, served as a base for refueling and repairing belligerent ships and, toward the end of the war, became a rendez-vous for blockade runners. For Maritimers engaged in shipbuilding, forestry, coal mining, farming, and fishing, the Civil War helped to make the early 1860s an economic golden age. . . .

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