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| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 104.5 | The History Cooperative
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December, 1999
 
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Book Review

Canada and the United States



Donna R. Gabaccia. We Are What We Eat: Ethnic Foods and the Making of Americans. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. 1998. Pp. 278. $24.95.

Dressed in a glossy, colorful jacket showing an array of canned and bottled ethnic" foods, and tagged with a bumper-sticker title, this book by Donna R. Gabaccia is an example of how much a reputable academic press is willing to sacrifice in the desperate search for a more marketable product. The book is full of potential and good sense, but it is hard to believe that it passed through the kind of editorial review that a university press normally uses to turn potential into substance and good sense into compelling analysis. 1
     The best parts of the book are its concluding generalizations and the many interesting examples of America's seemingly endless appetite for combining, recombining, mixing, and matching foods from various ethnic and regional sources. The result of this culinary activity, Gabaccia contends, is an eclectic diet that nauseates cultural critics but sustains a positive American trait: "Our food reveals that we are cosmopolitans and iconoclasts; we are tolerant adventurers who do not feel constrained by tradition" (p. 225). As far as eating is concerned, American identity is defined much more by interplay than separatism, although this fact may not justify the author's belief that "indeed we are what we eat—not a multi-ethnic nation, but a nation of multi-ethnics" (p. 232). The book offers a significant insight into the relationship of American ethnicity and commerce: American consumers push in two different but reconcilable directions, preferring both standardized, mass-produced foods and a variety of multi-ethnic dishes. As a result of the tension between national and local, "ethnic and local loyalties repeatedly generate critiques of mass consumer culture, even while the marketplace remains the arena for expressing ethnic and local identities" (p. 230). . . .


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