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Book Review
Oceania/Pacific Islands
Tim Rowse. White Flour, White Power: From Rations to Citizenship in Central Australia. New York: Cambridge University Press. 1998. Pp. xiii, 255. $64.95.
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In Australia in the nineteenth and first half of the twentieth centuries, the issue and distribution of "rations" was used as a means of colonial control of the indigenous population. Tim Rowse deconstructs the meanings attributed to rationing in central Australia in this book. By rationing, Rowse refers to "the non-Aboriginal practicewhether based on custom or on policyof providing food, clothing and other goods (such as blankets and tobacco) to Indigenous people" (p. 3). He uses an analysis of rationing as a device to reassess the government policies that dominated Aboriginal people's lives in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries, namely protection, assimilation, and, most recently, self-determination. |
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Australian governments did not negotiate treaties with indigenous Australians or recognize their pre-existing rights to land and sovereignty through establishment of reservations. In remote areas such as central Australia, Aboriginal peoples continued their association with their lands by maintaining their presence on the land, working as stock workers and domestics on pastoral properties (ranches) or living off the land. As naturally occurring foods became increasingly scarce, the government supplied rations to supplement them. Rations were distributed by pastoralists (ranch owners/managers), missionaries, and the police. Rations did not merely prevent starvation but were used as a means of controlling the indigenous population. |
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