| Book Reviews | The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, 133.1

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| Book Reviews | The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, 133.1 | The History Cooperative

BOOK REVIEWS

Ireland, Philadelphia and the Re-invention of America, 1760–1800. By Maurice J. Bric. (Dublin, Ireland: Four Courts Press, 2008. xix, 363 pp. Notes, appendices, tables, biographical notes, select bibliography, index. $65.)

Prior to the American Revolution, Irish immigrants came to America primarily from the northern province of Ulster. The eighteenth-century passenger trade, closely linked to the flaxseed trade that supported the linen industry in Ulster, facilitated emigration from Londonderry and Belfast to Newcastle, Delaware, and Philadelphia. Between 1771 and 1774, when linen weaving fell victim to the British credit crisis, at least 18,600 sailed into the ports of the Delaware Valley. These Scotch-Irish, as they were known in America, typically did not settle in the port towns but pushed on to find homes in the backcountry. They became politicized in 1764 in the aftermath of the Paxton killings and the formation of the Presbyterian committee, whose leaders were Philadelphia merchants in the flaxseed trade; they continued to be active in Pennsylvania politics by supporting the Constitution of 1776.

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