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| Book Review | The Journal of American History, 96.1 | The History Cooperative
96.1  
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June, 2009
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Book Review


Citizens and Paupers: Relief, Rights, and Race, from the Freedmen's Bureau to Workfare. By Chad Alan Goldberg. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2007. xvi, 366 pp. Cloth, $55.00, ISBN 978-0-226-30076-4. Paper, $22.00, ISBN 978-0-226-30077-1.)
In Citizens and Paupers, Chad Alan Goldberg examines social welfare policies as "preeminent sites for political struggles over the meaning and boundaries of citizenship in the United States" (p. 1). For him, citizenship is not simply a status describing national belonging, it is also "an instrument of social closure" that stratifies groups, thereby abridging their access to resources and rights (ibid.). A work of historical sociology, Citizens and Paupers painstakingly documents how struggles over the symbolic interests (not simply the material interests) of the welfare state have shaped its historical development. . . .
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