| Book Review | The Journal of American History, 96.1

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| Book Review | The Journal of American History, 96.1 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

The Trial of Frederick Eberle: Language, Patriotism, and Citizenship in Philadelphia's German Community, 1790 to 1830. By Friederike Baer. (New York: New York University Press, 2008. viii, 272 pp. $48.00, ISBN 978-0-8147-9980-2.)

The Trial of Frederick Eberle begins with a telling motto—an 1829 poem that exhorts Germans in the United States to remain united as a distinct people through the power of their German mother tongue. The close connection between nation and language is at the heart of this study, which focuses primarily on the use of German in Lutheran church services in Philadelphia to detail how language and identity are linked in an immigrant community. In 1815 St. Michael's and Zion was the largest Lutheran congregation in Philadelphia, with a history that extended well over two generations, two houses of worship, and a schoolhouse that accommodated the proceedings of the annual church elections as well as meetings of several German associations. This center of German Lutheran fellowship became divided when some members called for occasional church services in English. Opposition to that request was immediate and fierce, and it split the congregation.

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