| Book Review | The Journal of American History, 93.3

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| Book Review | The Journal of American History, 93.3 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Holding the Line: Race, Racism, and American Foreign Policy toward Africa, 1953–1961. By George White Jr. (Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 2005. x, 236 pp. Cloth, $75.00, ISBN 0-7425-3382-4. Paper, $27.95, ISBN 0-7425-3383-2.)
From the start George White Jr. clearly intends for this book to go beyond a traditional diplomatic history as he seeks to offer "a break from the consensus on the Cold War by addressing Whiteness, its symptoms, and its impact on U.S. foreign relations" (p. 2). Focusing on the Dwight D. Eisenhower administration's engagement with Africa, White uses ideas about race and gender, and examines in particular five manifestations of "Whiteness and White privilege" that played out during this era: white innocence, white entitlement, black erasure, black self-abnegation, and black insatiability (ibid.).	1
In doing so, White recasts the Cold War as not so much an East-West struggle between democracy and communism, but as a way for the West to manage change and maintain white supremacy in Africa. Key foreign policy actors such as the president and his advisors are central to the account, yet White's analysis derives as much from race and gender theory as the archival sources of the Eisenhower era. In fact, in the end, bell hooks's writings are used more than the State Department archives.	. . .

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