| Book Review | The Journal of American History, 92.4

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| Book Review | The Journal of American History, 92.4 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Texas, Cotton, and the New Deal. By Keith J. Volanto. (College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 2005. xvi, 194 pp. $35.00, ISBN 1-58544-402-2.)

Keith J. Volanto's Texas, Cotton, and the New Deal is a case study of the New Deal's price-support and production-control programs for cotton. Volanto explains how these programs were implemented and what impact they had in Texas, the nation's largest cotton producer and a state in which two million people depended on cotton for their livelihood during the 1930s. The cotton programs began with the famous cotton plow-up of 1933. The Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) followed the plow-up with its voluntary production controls and price-support loans. When noncooperators threatened to undermine the voluntary controls, cotton growers pressed Congress for mandatory controls, and these were implemented under the Bankhead Cotton Control Act of 1934. When the Supreme Court invalidated the first Agricultural Adjustment Act in 1936, Congress and the Department of Agriculture responded with the Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act. This measure was overwhelmed by the nineteen-million-bale cotton crop of 1937, and after a year of legislative stalemate, Congress passed the second Agricultural Adjustment Act (1938), which incorporated major features of Henry A. Wallace's Ever-Normal Granary Plan.

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