| Book Review | The Journal of American History, 91.3

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| Book Review | The Journal of American History, 91.3 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Sounds of Reform: Progressivism and Music in Chicago, 1873–1935. By Derek Vaillant. (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2003. xiv, 401 pp. Cloth, $59.95, ISBN 0-8078-2807-6. Paper, $19.95, ISBN 0-8078-5481-6.)

Sounds of Reform examines "musical progressivism" (p. 2), a useful phrase for the cultural politics of music at a time when it bore the burden of mediating ethnic and class anxiety for Chicago's upper-class white elites. Immigrants then accounted for nearly 40 percent of Chicago's population, and elites assumed they wished to join the "aural arcadia" of classical music, that ethereal realm of aristocratic manners. Yet, even as the musical programs at Hull House encouraged respect for ethnic musics and languages, concurrent reform organizations—the Civic Music Association, the Juvenile Protective Association, the Lincoln Park Commissioners—had in mind a stricter ideal of "Americanization" at public cultural events, where reformers sought "to instill proper conventions of musical taste and response, to promote proper physical dress and display, to encourage self-conscious mastery of the body," and to locate and control "potential sites of resistance" (p. 66) to Anglo-conformity.

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