| Book Review | The Journal of American History, 89.2

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| Book Review | The Journal of American History, 89.2 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Control and Order in French Colonial Louisbourg, 1713–1758. By A. J. B. Johnston. (East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 2001. xlvi, 346 pp. $54.95, ISBN 0-87013-570-8.)

Traditionally depicted as a failure, since it was conquered each time it was attacked (1745, 1758), French Louisbourg is now regarded as an ancien régime success story. Indeed, as A. J. B. (John) Johnston explains, Louisbourg was not a fort, but a full-fledged fortified town, the largest urban center of present-day Cape Breton Island in Nova Scotia, established to safeguard the French cod fishery. All in all, the colony's cod fishery "returned three or four times" the crown's overall financial commitment. This new understanding of Louisbourg mainly derives from the project launched by Parks Canada in 1961 whose main objective was to reconstruct one-fifth of the fortified town. Of many prominent historians who were attached to the project (Johnston was among them from 1977 to 2000), today only Kenneth Donovan and B. A. (Sandy) Balcom are still with it. . . .

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