| Book Review | The Journal of American History, 88.3

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| Book Review | The Journal of American History, 88.3 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

George Washington Grayson and the Creek Nation: 1843–1920. By Mary Jane Warde. (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1999. xviii, 334 pp. $25.95, ISBN 0-8061-3160-8.)

Since Angie Debo's 1941 classic history of the Creek Nation, ethnohistorians have given primary attention to the generation of grievances among traditionals and rather bad press to the "progressives" who profited by betraying them and sponsoring westward removal. Mary Jane Warde deals with a later, more complex generation of Creek progressives in her biography of George Washington Grayson, mixed-blood servant of a much-beleaguered nation. 1

As a graduate student Warde did background research for David Baird's 1988 edition of Grayson's autobiography. With assiduous combing of primary and secondary sources and well-crafted interviews with descendants, Warde here produces a full biography of a fascinating "culture broker" among the Creeks, other tribes, and the United States. Like Debo, she gives full credit to cultural differences among the Creeks and to the bitter political controversies they provoked, but she offers an account not only critical but empathic of the dilemmas of a Creek nationalist proud of his heritage, his nation, his extended family, and his ability to serve all of these by drawing on his English education, his acquaintance with business and politics among whites, and his well-honed mother wit. . . .

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