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Book Review
Rebuilding Zion: The Religious Reconstruction of the South, 18631877. By Daniel W. Stowell. (New York: Oxford University Press, 1998. x, 278 pp. $65.00, isbn 0-19-510194-4.)
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In the wake of many embattled decades that
transformed the South into a stronghold of evangelical Protestantism,
the Civil War and Reconstruction plunged the region into yet another
period of profound religious change. What most dramatically reconfigured
the South's religious landscape between 1863 and 1877 was the racial
segregation of worshipthe steady exodus of former slaves from
Protestant congregations, bodies biracial in their membership but ruled
by whites, and the rise of independent black churches and denominations.
Often aided by white and black missionaries from the North and Unionist
sympathizers among whites in southern Appalachia and the border states,
many of the freedpeople founded new churches affiliated with the major
northern evangelical denominations, mainly the Baptists and the Methodists.
Hundreds of thousands of others joined the new southern outposts of
the African Methodist Episcopal Church (AME) or the African Methodist
Episcopal Zion Church (AMEZ), black denominations that had splintered
from northern Methodism earlier in the nineteenth century. |
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