| Book Review | The Journal of American History, 87.1

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| Book Review | The Journal of American History, 87.1 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Peru and the United States: The Condor and the Eagle. By Lawrence A. Clayton. (Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1999. xii, 363 pp. Cloth, $55.00, isbn 0-8203-2024-2. Paper, $20.00, isbn 0-8203-2025-0.)

Part of the United States and the Americas series edited by Lester D. Langley, this work delineates economic, political, and cultural connections between Peru and the United States. Readers unfamiliar with Peruvian–United States interactions will appreciate Lawrence A. Clayton's informative and balanced analysis. He considers trends from their eighteenth-century beginnings, when New England whalers hunted Peruvian coastal waters, to contemporary narcotrafficking issues. Much of his treatment of diplomatic relations is derived from secondary sources, including James C. Carey's 1964 Peru and the United States, 1900–1962, Fredrick B. Pike's 1977 The United States and the Andean Republics: Peru, Bolivia, and Ecuador, and Ronald Bruce St. John's 1992 The Foreign Policy of Peru. 1

Clayton traces the rapid growth of formalized relations after the mid-nineteenth century as American farmer demands for more effective fertilizers led to a boom in Peruvian exports of guano and nitrates to the United States. American support of Peru's territorial claims against Chile following the War of the Pacific (1879–1883) strengthened diplomatic ties. The activities of nineteenth-century entrepreneurs such as Henry Meiggs and William Russell Grace, founder of W. R. Grace and Company, opened Peru to significant American investments in mining, railroads, and agriculture. . . .

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