| Book Review | Environmental History, 13.3

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| Book Review | Environmental History, 13.3 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

After Eden: The Evolution of Human Domination. By Kirkpatrick Sale. Durham and London: Duke University Press, 2006. 186 pp. Illustrations, notes, bibliography, and index. Paper $19.95
Divided into four chapters, this interesting book addresses the issue of the development of human domination over all species. At first, there existed a harmonious relationship with the nature. This association, due to extreme environmental conditions, gradually evolved into one in which humans viewed nature in an adversarial manner.	1
According to Sale, as a response to a cataclysmic natural disaster, Homo sapiens began to develop or adapt both cultural and psychological skills needed in order to survive. This event, a huge volcanic eruption, occurred on the island of Sumatra about seventy-one thousand years ago. The conditions brought on from this included plummeting temperatures, minute ash particles being breathed in, and the blocking of the sun's rays. It is Sale's thesis that pressures from attempting to live during this volcanic winter forced the humans to create more survival techniques. These included developing better tools and weapons, creating a culture focused on hunting a variety of species, and creating rituals for tribal cohesion. It is the development of this hunting culture that helped lead the way for human domination over all other species.	. . .

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