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Adam Rome | from the editor | Environmental History, 10.3 | The History Cooperative
10.3  
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July, 2005
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from the editor


THIS ISSUE BEGINS with Douglas Weiner's 2005 American Society for Environmental History presidential address. Weiner picks up the gauntlet thrown down by poststructuralism: What is our subject, if "nature" is a social construction? For Weiner, the poststructuralist challenge to our authority as interpreters of the world is a blessing as well as a curse. By acknowledging that our interpretations are socially constructed, we may see more clearly that the stories we tell all are ultimately about power. 1
      In different ways, the articles by Lisa Brady and David Biggs contribute to the growing literature on the environmental history of war. Brady argues that American ideas about nature played a key role in the success of the Union during the Civil War. By attacking the South's farms and plantations, the Union forced the leaders of the Confederacy to face the devastating prospect that their world once again would become a barren wilderness rather than a productive, well- ordered landscape. Biggs considers how war shaped the ways people viewed the U Minh forest in Vietnam. He concludes that decades of struggle intensified a pioneer land-use ethic that now works against international forest-preservation efforts. 2
      Gregory Cushman's article on the fate of Peru's guano-producing birds is a provocative study of the strengths and weaknesses of the conservationist "gospel of efficiency." After a period of intense exploitation of the birds in the nineteenth century, Peruvian and American scientists were able to restore their populations in the first decades of the twentieth century. That success had far-reaching economic and intellectual consequences. But the same logic that helped to save the guano birds ultimately condemned them to suffer again. . . .

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