| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 112.5

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| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 112.5 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Canada and the United States

Robert Tracy McKenzie. Lincolnites and Rebels: A Divided Town in the American Civil War. New York: Oxford University Press. 2006. Pp. viii, 306. $35.00.
Robert Tracy McKenzie has produced the first book to examine the American Civil War's impact on Knoxville, Tennessee. As many previous works have dealt with portions of the subject, much of the content will be familiar to specialists on wartime Tennessee. Yet this is much more than a synthesis. McKenzie rethinks the material to find new insights.	1
The author views Knoxville as having "an extraordinary story" (p. 6) among Confederate towns, because of its deeper political division over secession. Given that the small city was just beginning to undergo significant economic growth stimulated by new railroad connections to other southern states, about half of the population, especially the more financially successful residents, supported secession. The town's Whig and then unionist leader, William G. Brownlow, used class antagonisms, as he had long done in local politics, in fighting the mostly Democratic secessionists.	2
McKenzie finds that the unionists' numbers suffered some erosion primarily because of political pragmatism after Tennessee joined the Confederacy's side of the war. The remaining unionists reacted to the Federals' controversial adoption of emancipation in 1862 as little more than an aggravation. By then local secessionists in high offices had greatly increased pressure for cooperation, and even persistent unionists had temporized. Later, when Brownlow and some supporters went by choice or force into Federal lines, they resumed harsh attacks upon the Confederacy and strengthened northern views about the alleged unionism of the southern masses.	. . .

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