| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 112.3

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| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 112.3 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Caribbean and Latin America

Steven W. Hackel. Children of Coyote, Missionaries of Saint Francis: Indian-Spanish Relations in Colonial California, 1769–1850. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press for the Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture, Williamsburg, Va. 2005. Pp. xx, 476. Cloth $59.95, paper $22.50.

This book makes a substantial contribution to the history of the California missions. In the first of the book's three distinct parts, Steven W. Hackel introduces the Indian population of the Monterey Bay region and the history of Spanish exploration and settlement. He then advances one of his central arguments: the "ecological imperialism" of the Spanish system meant that pathogens, livestock, and weeds spread disease and environmental degradation in a pattern that radiated outward from the missions. This ultimately produced waves of migration into the religious institutions by individuals and groups who could no longer survive in their increasingly frayed communities. As anthropologists have done for the San Francisco Bay area and the Santa Barbara region, Hackel traces these migrations and the fate of individuals thereafter through an analysis of the baptismal, marriage, and death registers of Mission Carmel in the Monterey Bay region. Envisioning the process as a "dual revolution," he identifies environmental destruction and migration on the one side and, on the other, the development of the colonial economy by a mission Indian population that ultimately collapsed through the accumulated effects of disease.

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