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| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 112.2 | The History Cooperative
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April, 2007
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Book Review

Canada and the United States



Martin Meeker. Contacts Desired: Gay and Lesbian Communication and Community, 1940s-1970s. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 2006. Pp. xviii, 321. Cloth $75.00, paper $25.00.

In this book, Martin Meeker argues that the emergence of gay and lesbian communities in the United States was largely the result of massive changes in the ways that individuals could connect to knowledge about homosexuality and connect with one another. He downplays the popular explanation that the examples of civil rights movements, the militancy of other minorities in the 1960s, and the Stonewall Rebellion of 1969 were responsible for the astonishing metamorphosis of once isolated and fearful homosexuals. He wishes to demonstrate instead that pre-internet communication networks were the vital engines of social change and cultural invention for homosexuals. 1
      Meeker begins by tracing some primitive, "quasi-private" attempts by homosexuals to connect with one another, such as the "Illiterary Digest," a 1943 mimeographed circular sent by its writer, who was in the military, to other gay G.I.s. Meeker also shows how homosexuals used print media intended for a more general readership in order to make contact with one another. For instance, The Hobby Directory, published from 1946 to 1952 as a forum for men to correspond about their hobbies, sometimes ran ads that had coded significance, such as an ad from a thirty-three year old man—whose hobbies were physical culture and wrestling, as well as vocal music and theater—looking for men "who combine physical and cultural ideals with high standards of friendship" (p. 24). . . .

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