| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 111.1

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| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 111.1 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Canada and the United States

Thomas Constantine Maroukis. Peyote and the Yankton Sioux: The Life and Times of Sam Necklace. Foreword by Leonard R. Bruguier. (The Civilization of the American Indian Series, number 249.) Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. 2004. Pp. xxviii, 386. $39.95.
This book's title suggests three topics: Peyotism, the Yankton Sioux, and the life of a Yankton peyotist, Sam Necklace (1881–1949), whose leadership in his local Native American Church exemplified the experiences of his fellow Sioux. The author's training is in the use of oral tradition to write history. He uses this skill, drawing on fifteen years of fieldwork testimony by Necklace's descendants, as well the oral history collection at the University of South Dakota. Thomas Constantine Maroukis also employs thorough archival research in diverse government documents as well as published works. His primary resource, however, in producing this "social biography of a family" (p. xx), is the late Asa Primeaux, Necklace's grandson, a peyote leader himself.	1
What do we learn of Yankton Sioux history? Mostly it is a familiar story of contact with whites: trade, territorial encroachment, treaties, factionalism, reservation life. The Yanktons survived the ruling influence of missionaries, government agents, soldiers, reformers, and land grabbers. Corruption, acculturation, boarding schools, allotment, poverty, religious persecution: these were the stuff of the reservation experience for most western Indians, leading to patchwork land tenure, patchwork economy, and patchwork identities. As on other Sioux reservations, survival occurred through the mechanisms of the tiospaye (extended family), as larger band entities disintegrated as effective sociopolitical units.	. . .

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