| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 110.5

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| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 110.5 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Asia

Andrew E. Barshay. The Social Sciences in Modern Japan: The Marxian and Modernist Traditions. (Twentieth Century Japan: The Emergence of a World Power, number 15.) Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. 2004. Pp. xiv, 331. $55.00.
Despite the enormous influence of Marxism on the development of social scientific research in Japan, the English-language scholarship on Japanese Marxism as a body of thought is very thin. Moreover, few works by Japanese Marxists have been translated into English. Many readers will be surprised to learn that Marxism flourished in the late 1920s and early 1930s, survived the violent oppression of leftist thought during the war years, and exploded in the postwar period to become the dominant idiom of social science discourse in the Japanese academy.	1
The scope of Andrew E. Barshay's book is narrower than the title implies. With one major exception, the theorists are economists. Yamada MoritarÎ, whose theory of the "semi-feudal" character of modern Japanese agriculture anchored the "Lectures" faction's theory of Japanese capitalism, is the central figure in chapter three. Uno KÎzÎ's theory of "pure capitalism," which reinvigorated the "Labor-farmer" faction of Marxist economics after the war, is the subject of chapter four. Chapter five examines the theoretical adaptations of the Uno model developed by his "adepts" Îuchi Tsutomu, Baba Hiroji, and Tamanoi YoshirÎ during the era of high economic growth. The last two chapters shift the focus to political thought. Chapter six considers conceptions of civil society advanced by the "Lectures" faction economist Uchida Yoshihiko and Hirata Kiyoaki, a historian of economic thought. The only noneconomist discussed is the intellectual historian Maruyama Masao, whose "modernist" democratic vision is critiqued in chapter seven.	. . .

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