| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 109.5

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| Book Review | The American Historical Review, 109.5 | The History Cooperative

Book Review

Canada and the United States

David Quigley. Second Founding: New York City, Reconstruction, and the Making of American Democracy. New York: Hill and Wang. 2004. Pp. xv, 238. $24.00.
David Quigley's contention in this compact volume is that during the Reconstruction era New York City played a central role in a "second founding" of American democracy that was as fundamental as the first founding of 1787, thus contributing to the emergence of a new political order and the beginning of modern American politics.	1
Political crosscurrents made the years from 1865 to 1877 a contentious period in New York City's history. Initially, interventionist-minded Republicans wanted to create an interracial democracy by giving the vote to black males. Rebuffed at the state level in 1867 by a crushing electoral defeat in which the opposition, led by machine Democrats, overwhelmingly rejected black suffrage, Republican strategists turned to the federal government and made the Fifteenth Amendment their device for winning the vote for blacks. However, as Redeemer regimes won control of southern states, Republican hopes for continued national success through a coalition that depended on black voters in the South diminished, and New York's importance to Republican hegemony grew. One consequence of the Republican leadership's renewed emphasis on securing the party's northern base was that the Grant administration allocated to New York City a very large percentage of federal funds appropriated under the Enforcement Acts for the purpose of protecting black voters.	. . .

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